Stem canker (<i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>) on five early and seven maincrop potato cultivars I. Infection of shoots, stolons and tubers

Hide, G. A.; Read, P. J.; Firmager, Janet P.; Hall, Sharon M.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1989.tb02102.x

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Sprout girdling may result in delayed emergence and delayed tuber bulking (Banville 1989, Carling et al 1989Hide et al 1989). As stolons are pruned and tuber set is reduced, there are fewer tubers per plant to act as sinks for products of photosynthesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of Rhizoctonia solani on Stems, Stolons and Tubers of Potatoes I. Effect of Inoculum Source

Atkinson¹,

Thornton

Miller

2010

Am. J. Pot Res

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Rhizoctonia solani may affect potato growth, yield and grade through lesions on stems and stolons and through development of black scurf on daughter tubers. R. solani inoculum can be found on seed potatoes and in the soil, although the relative importance of each inoculum source is unknown. Field studies at Parma and Aberdeen, Idaho, were conducted in 2004 and 2005 to evaluate the importance of each source of inoculum on the subsequent development of this disease. Seed of cultivars Ranger Russet (2004) and Russet Burbank (2005) was washed and sorted into three (2004) and two (2005) levels of black scurf. Prior to planting, the plots were inoculated with R. solani cultures mixed with vermiculite at low, medium and high rates. Each level of seed inoculum was planted at each level of soil inoculum. Significantly greater levels of disease on stems and stolons was consistently found on plants grown from high inoculum seed compared to low inoculum seed. However, significant effects of soil inoculum level on stem and stolon disease were rarely seen. In contrast, both seed and soil inoculum level influenced the development of black scurf on daughter tubers. The largest response to soil inoculum level was seen when seed inoculum was low.Resumen Rhizoctonia solani puede afectar el crecimiento de la papa, el rendimiento y calidad a través de lesiones en tallos y estolones y por el desarrollo de costras negras en los tubérculos producidos. El inoculo de R. solani se puede encontrar en tubérculo semilla y en el suelo, aunque se desconoce la relativa importancia de cada fuente de inoculo. Durante 2004 y 2005 se condujeron estudios de campo en Parma y Aberdeen, Idaho, para evaluar la importancia de cada fuente de inoculo en el desarrollo subsecuente de esta enfermedad. A semilla de los cultivares Ranger Russet (2004) y Russet Burbank (2005) se les lavó y agrupó en tres (2004) y dos (2005) niveles de costra negra. Antes de plantar, los lotes se inocularon con cultivos de R. solani mezclados con vermiculita a niveles bajo, medio y alto. Cada nivel de inoculo a la semilla se plantó en cada uno de los niveles de inoculo al suelo. Se encontraron consistentemente niveles significativamente mayores de enfermedad en tallos y estolones de plantas que crecieron en altos niveles de inoculo en la semilla comparados con los de niveles bajos. No obstante, raramente se vieron los efectos significativos de los niveles de inoculo en el suelo sobre la enfermedad en tallo y estolón. En contraste, ambos niveles de inoculo en semilla y suelo, influenciaron el desarrollo de la costra negra en los tubérculos generados. La mayor respuesta al nivel de inoculo en el suelo se observó cuando el nivel de inoculo a la semilla era bajo.

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confidence: 99%

Development of Rhizoctonia solani on Stems, Stolons and Tubers of Potatoes I. Effect of Inoculum Source

Atkinson¹,

Thornton

Miller

2010

Am. J. Pot Res

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“…Whilst R. solani is well known to delay emergence (Secor and Gudmestad, 1999) the combined presence of these organisms may further extend the period taken for plants to emerge as indicated by Figure 1. A further delay in emergence may be critical since previous research has shown that stem canker symptoms increase very little (Hide et al, 1989) or even decrease (Simons and Gilligan, 1997) after plant emergence. Van Emden (1965) hypothesised that potato stems gained resistance to stem canker following exposure to light, which causes a switch to autotrophic nutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…When severe, such lesions may girdle the entire circumference, ultimately leading to the pruning of infected stems and stolons. Both stem and stolon canker, therefore, are of economic significance since they can result in malformation of developing daughter tubers (Scholte, 1987), a reduction in yield in some early cultivars (Hide et al, 1989) and uneven emergence that gives rise to non-target size tubers (Hide et al, 1973). Whilst the development of black sclerotia on the skins (black scurf) of harvested tubers has no effect on tuber yield, it can significantly downgrade the marketable value of seed tubers (Jeger et al, 1996) and reduce the saleability of ware to prepack markets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions Between the Potato Cyst Nematode Globodera rostochiensis and Diseases Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG3 in Potatoes Under Field Conditions

2006

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Findings from 2 years of field experiments investigating the relationship between Globodera rostochiensis and Rhizoctonia solani on unique field sites are reported. In 2000, a field experiment was positioned on land that had previously been used for experimental work investigating integrated potato cyst nematode (PCN) management methods. This study had produced an 'untypical' mosaic of PCN population densities ranging from 5 to 221 eggs g )1 soil. In 2001, the field experiment was conducted on a different field site and overlaid on a focus of G. rostochiensis population densities ranging from 11 to 108 eggs g )1 soil. In each experiment, potatoes (cv. De´sire´e) were grown in plots with similar population densities of G. rostochiensis that were either uninoculated or inoculated with R. solani. A series of potato plant harvests were undertaken to investigate the effects of nematode infestation on the incidence and severity of R. solani diseases and the associated development of plants. In both experiments, a clear relationship was found between the density of G. rostochiensis juveniles present in potato roots and the incidence of stolons infected by R. solani, 6 weeks after planting. For the first time this interaction has been determined under field conditions. The results of the study suggest that the interaction between nematode and fungus is indirect and possible mechanisms are discussed.

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“…Treating seed pieces with a chemical protectant prior to planting has been reported to be effective in the management of stem cankers and black scurf (Hide & Cayley 1982;Hide & Read 1985;Harris et al 1986). In recent years, increases in the incidence and severity of black scurf have been observed (Hide & Read 1985;Hide et al 1989;Folsom et al 1995). However, few studies have addressed the factors important for such an increase.…”

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confidence: 92%

Evaluation of potato clones for resistance to stem canker and tuber black scurf in field studies following artificial inoculation withRhizoctonia solaniAG-3 in Maine∗

Olanya

Lambert

Reeves

et al. 2009

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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Potato clones were evaluated for resistance to Rhizoctonia stem canker, stolon lesion and black scurf in field experiments during the 1997 and 1998 growing seasons. Seed pieces were inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani Anastomosis group 3 (AG-3) by dipping them in a slurry or suspension of inoculum. Uninoculated controls were also planted. Seed emergence was assessed beginning at two weeks after planting. After 60 days, incidence and severity (%) of stem and stolon cankers were assessed. The numbers of root and stolon lesions were also quantified. At harvest, the incidence of black scurf on tuber yield and numbers were also determined. Significant differences in emergence of potato seed pieces (%) were detected between inoculated and control treatments and the incidence of stem and root cankers differed among clones in both years. The incidence and severity of stem cankers and the numbers of stem and root lesions were not significantly correlated with the black scurf incidence on tubers. These studies suggest that various symptom types incited by Rhizoctonia can be important epidemiological factors in disease development.

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Stem canker (Rhizoctonia solani) on five early and seven maincrop potato cultivars I. Infection of shoots, stolons and tubers

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Development of Rhizoctonia solani on Stems, Stolons and Tubers of Potatoes I. Effect of Inoculum Source

Development of Rhizoctonia solani on Stems, Stolons and Tubers of Potatoes I. Effect of Inoculum Source

Interactions Between the Potato Cyst Nematode Globodera rostochiensis and Diseases Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG3 in Potatoes Under Field Conditions

Evaluation of potato clones for resistance to stem canker and tuber black scurf in field studies following artificial inoculation withRhizoctonia solaniAG-3 in Maine∗

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