Stem and Progenitor Cells in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases

Marlicz, Wojciech; Łoniewski, Igor; Skonieczna-Żydecka, Karolina

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31206-0_7

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Recent studies have been focusing on the role of using MSCs in medicine for the treatment of multiple diseases as Alzheimer, lung fibrosis, corneal diseases, and digestive diseases [19][20][21][22]. In this study, injection of MSCs in rats with liver fibrosis resulted in improving liver functions and decreasing the extent of fibrosis, inhibit the expression of fibrogenic genes and decrease hepatic DNA fragmentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Suppress Hepatic Fibrosis Via Modulating the Expression of Fibronectin and Integrin and Inhibiting DNA Fragmentation in Rats

2021

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IntroductionLiver fibrosis is currently the 11th most common cause of death worldwide. Because of self-renewal, available sources for isolation, and high differentiation properties, multipotent mesenchymal stromal stem cells are suggested to be potential tool for treatment of liver fibrosis. In this study, we examined the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride on rats relative to silymarin as a standard drug.Material and methodsThis study was performed on 40 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into 4 groups of ten rats each: Group 1 served as controls, Group 2 served as CCl4 (diseased) group, Group 3 served as silymarin treated group and Group 4 served as MSCs treated group. Liver fibrosis was assessed by determination of liver markers and fibrogenesis related genes together with the anti-inflammatory markers in the liver tissue. DNA fragmentation was assessed by Comet assay.ResultsMSCs treatment reduced all liver fibrosis markers as well as the oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Additionally, MSCs reduced the expression of integrins and fibronectin compared with the control group as well as decreasing DNA fragmentation.ConclusionsTreatment by MSCs significantly ameliorates liver fibrosis in rats. This amelioration was a result of acting on both the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity of hepatocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Suppress Hepatic Fibrosis Via Modulating the Expression of Fibronectin and Integrin and Inhibiting DNA Fragmentation in Rats

2021

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“…Stem cells research, innate immunity and microbiome are important to produce diagnostic tools such as biomarkers, for therapeutic uses, and even for prognostic measurements. In general, stem cells and their progenitors can be used for the etiopathogenesis and treatment of some gastrointestinal diseases (13).…”

Section: Clinical Practice and Regenerative Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cells and their Extensive uses in Multiple Medical Fields and Especially in Neurological Diseases

Sarnataro¹

2022

ABCMed

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Since they were first discovered and used in animal models in the 1950th, stem cells are assuming a key role in the research field. These types of cells are undifferentiated cells deriving from a single cell that is able of a clonal proliferation differentiating into different cells and tissues. It is possible to classify them into two main groups considering their main features. Moreover, speaking about stem cells, it is important to mention the key role of some small non-coding RNA molecules also known MiRNAs (microRNAs) in the cell cycle regulation. Generally, stem cells are very useful in cellular therapy helping the regeneration of entire organs. They also allow a deep understanding of development and pathogenesis of many diseases and are useful in drug development. In general, the aim of this article is to talk about stem cells and their uses in multiple medical fields and especially in neurological diseases. A comprehensive explanation of stem cell classification and miRNAs role in the cell cycle regulation of these cells in clinical application as well as gene alterations in some diseases is included. And finally, very interesting stem cell research will be also discussed. Unfortunately, studies on adhesive arachnoiditis, a rare neurological disease mostly associated to Tarlov cysts (TC), are still few. In addition, other associations between arachnoiditis and Chiari malformation, as well as syringomyelia and ACM, have been found. And, finally, association between idiopathic intracerebral hypertension and arachnoiditis granulations (AGs) were also demonstrated.

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“…M cells overlie lymphoid follicles (Peyer's patches) containing mononuclear cells as well as T and B cells. M cells protrude into and sense gastrointestinal lumen transporting signals to lymphoid cells [21].…”

Section: Gut Brain Axis-complex Interplay Between Gut Epithelium Ente...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mesenchymal cells are also involved in the maintenance of intestinal stem cell and integrity of intestinal epithelium. Various ligands secreted by epithelial cells also affect the mesenchyme and this bidirectional cross-talk forms the basis for complex interplays among different compartments of the intestinal barrier [21]. Blood circulating gut metabolites have been linked to the immune system with respect to microbial-associated molecular patterns.…”

Section: Gut Brain Axis-complex Interplay Between Gut Epithelium Ente...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Biofactory—Neurocompetent Metabolites within the Gastrointestinal Tract. A Scoping Review

Skonieczna-Żydecka

Jakubczyk

Maciejewska-Markiewicz

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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The gut microbiota have gained much scientific attention recently. Apart from unravelling the taxonomic data, we should understand how the altered microbiota structure corresponds to functions of this complex ecosystem. The metabolites of intestinal microorganisms, especially bacteria, exert pleiotropic effects on the human organism and contribute to the host systemic balance. These molecules play key roles in regulating immune and metabolic processes. A subset of them affect the gut brain axis signaling and balance the mental wellbeing. Neurotransmitters, short chain fatty acids, tryptophan catabolites, bile acids and phosphatidylcholine, choline, serotonin, and L-carnitine metabolites possess high neuroactive potential. A scoping literature search in PubMed/Embase was conducted up until 20 June 2020, using three major search terms “microbiota metabolites” AND “gut brain axis” AND “mental health”. This review aimed to enhance our knowledge regarding the gut microbiota functional capacity, and support current and future attempts to create new compounds for future clinical interventions.

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Stem and Progenitor Cells in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases

Cited by 5 publications

References 98 publications

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Suppress Hepatic Fibrosis Via Modulating the Expression of Fibronectin and Integrin and Inhibiting DNA Fragmentation in Rats

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Suppress Hepatic Fibrosis Via Modulating the Expression of Fibronectin and Integrin and Inhibiting DNA Fragmentation in Rats

Stem Cells and their Extensive uses in Multiple Medical Fields and Especially in Neurological Diseases

Gut Biofactory—Neurocompetent Metabolites within the Gastrointestinal Tract. A Scoping Review

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