Steel Slag—A Strong and Sustainable Substitute for Conventional Concreting Materials

Chandru, P.; Karthikeyan, J.; Natarajan, C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46800-2_2

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The correction factor F for this method is 28 [ 21 , 69 , 70 ]. The correction V blank is specified in other standards [ 71 ] to account for the amount of HCl needed to titrate a plain solvent sample (i.e., plain ethylene glycol).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of a Clayey Soil with Ladle Metallurgy Furnace Slag Fines

et al. 2020

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The research study described in this paper investigated the potential to use steel furnace slag (SFS) as a stabilizing additive for clayey soils. Even though SFS has limited applications in civil engineering infrastructure due to the formation of deleterious expansion in the presence of water, the free CaO and free MgO contents allow for the SFS to be a potentially suitable candidate for clayey soil stabilization and improvement. In this investigation, a kaolinite clay was stabilized with 10% and 15% ladle metallurgy furnace (LMF) slag fines by weight. This experimental study also included testing of the SFS mixtures with the activator calcium chloride (CaCl2), which was hypothesized to accelerate the hydration of the dicalcium silicate phase in the SFS, but the results show that the addition of CaCl2 was not found to be effective. Relative to the unmodified clay, the unconfined compressive strength increased by 67% and 91% when 10% and 15% LMF slag were utilized, respectively. Likewise, the dynamic modulus increased by 212% and 221% by adding 10% and 15% LMF slag, respectively. Specifically, the LMF slag fines are posited to primarily contribute to a mechanical rather than chemical stabilization mechanism. Overall, these findings suggest the effective utilization of SFS as a soil stabilization admixture to overcome problems associated with dispersive soils, but further research is required.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of a Clayey Soil with Ladle Metallurgy Furnace Slag Fines

et al. 2020

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“…where EGN is the ethylene glycol number that needs to be corrected based on the estimated Ca(OH) 2 content, F is a correction factor, m is the initial mass of the SFS sample (g), N is the normality of the acidic solution, V is the volume of acidic solution titrated (mL), and V b is a correction for the volume of acidic solution titrated in a blank ethylene glycol sample (mL). For this configuration, the correction factor F is 28 [9,277,279,285]. Typically, V b is 0 mL.…”

Section: Free Cao Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Influence of Steel Furnace Slag Type on the Properties of Cementitious Composites

Brand

Fanijo

2020

Applied Sciences

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The type of steel furnace slag (SFS), including electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, ladle metallurgy furnace (LMF) slag, and argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) slag, can significantly affect the composite properties when used as an aggregate or as a supplementary cementitious material in bound applications, such as concretes, mortars, alkali-activated materials, and stabilized soils. This review seeks to collate the findings from the literature to express the variability in material properties and to attempt to explain the source(s) of the variability. It was found that SFS composition and properties can be highly variable, including different compositions on the exterior and interior of a given SFS particle, which can affect bonding conditions and be one source of variability on composite properties. A suite of tests is proposed to better assess a given SFS stock for potential use in bound applications; at a minimum, the SFS should be evaluated for free CaO content, expansion potential, mineralogical composition, cementitious composite mechanical properties, and chemical composition with secondary tests, including cementitious composite durability properties, microstructural characterization, and free MgO content.

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“…They found that the presence of β-C2S in BOS slag improved the long-term compressive strength of the concrete due to its slow hydration nature. The authors found the concrete to be stronger when it was used as coarse aggregate rather than fine aggregate or a combination of both fine and coarse (Chandru et al, 2020).…”

Section: 32: Construction Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Steelmaking Slags in Land and Marine Applications

Fisher

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Steel Slag—A Strong and Sustainable Substitute for Conventional Concreting Materials

Cited by 10 publications

References 96 publications

Stabilization of a Clayey Soil with Ladle Metallurgy Furnace Slag Fines

Stabilization of a Clayey Soil with Ladle Metallurgy Furnace Slag Fines

A Review of the Influence of Steel Furnace Slag Type on the Properties of Cementitious Composites

The Use of Steelmaking Slags in Land and Marine Applications

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