Steel/mortar interfaces: Microstructural features and mode of failure

Khalaf, Moayad N.; Page, C.L.

doi:10.1016/0008-8846(79)90026-7

Cited by 95 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Weyers [3] reported that not all corrosion products contribute to the expansive pressure on the concrete; some of them fill the voids around the corroding steel reinforcing bar. Al Khalaf and Page [14] confirmed the presence of a porous layer of cement paste at the steel-to-concrete interface. Park and Paulay [15] reported that there is a soft and spongy porous layer of concrete forms around the steel reinforcing bars caused by bleeding of water under coarse aggregate particles and under the steel reinforcement.…”

Section: Corrosion and Expansion In Concretementioning

confidence: 55%

A model for prediction of time from corrosion initiation to corrosion cracking

El‐Maaddawy

Soudki

2007

Cement and Concrete Composites

386

152

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Section: Corrosion and Expansion In Concretementioning

confidence: 55%

A model for prediction of time from corrosion initiation to corrosion cracking

El‐Maaddawy

Soudki

2007

Cement and Concrete Composites

386

152

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“…2 [25]. SEM micrographs illustrating several other examples of the diverse microstructural features of the steel-mortar interfaces examined have been published elsewhere [26].…”

Section: Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Initiation of chloride‐induced corrosion of steel in concrete: role of the interfacial zone

Page

2009

Materials & Corrosion

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This paper provides a brief review of research aimed at characterising the steelconcrete interfacial zone (SCIZ) and its influence on the susceptibility of the metal to pitting corrosion when concrete is exposed to environments that cause ingress of chloride ions accompanied by leaching of hydroxyl ions. For reinforced concrete made from Portland cements, exposed to aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, the buffering effect of solid calcium hydroxide (portlandite) at pH $12.6 has been shown to restrain the gradual decline in the hydroxyl ion concentration of the concrete pore solution phase at depths corresponding to the embedded steel. When the concrete is produced under laboratory conditions that are carefully controlled to exclude macroscopic defects from the SCIZ and the steel is cleaned before being embedded, this can lead to observed chloride threshold levels being consistently greater than 1% chloride by mass of cement. The buffering action of cement hydration products formed in the SCIZ is believed to be partly responsible for this high tolerance to chloride-induced corrosion because it counters the generation of 'anodic acidity' that is a necessary condition for stable growth of pits to occur. Translating this behaviour of laboratory specimens to the performance of full-scale reinforced concrete structures has often proved difficult in the past and there is a need for further research in this area, particularly in relation to the role of non-traditional cements.

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“…The latter situation indicates the presence of a bleeding zone. Bleeding zones are known to exhibit a different (coarser) microstructure than the bulk material and the material on the upper side of reinforcement [19][20][21]. The difference in the porosity of the mortar around the embedded tubes was more pronounced for the PC than for the FA specimens (Fig.…”

Section: Local Conditions Around the Anodesmentioning

confidence: 95%