Steatite beads at Peqi'in: long distance trade and pyro-technology during the Chalcolithic of the Levant

Mayer, Daniella E. Bar-Yosef; Porat, Naomi; Gal, Zvi; Shalem, Dina; Smithline, Howard

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2003.10.007

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The overall form and size of the micro‐beads from Çamlıbel Tarlası is remarkably similar to those from Peqi'in and Mehrgarh (Table 5; see also Barthélemy de Saizieu and Bouquillon 1994; Bar‐Yosef Mayer et al . 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Similar micro‐beads are known from Chalcolithic and Bronze Age sites in the Near East and the Indus Valley, including Peqi'in in Israel, Ra's al Hadd and Samad Al Shan in Oman, Badari and Naqada in Egypt, Arpachiyah, Tepe Gawra and Nineveh in Iraq, Zekhada in India, and Harappa and Mehrgarh in Pakistan (Brunton and Caton‐Thompson 1928; Beck 1934; Mallowan and Criukshank Rose 1935; Mackay 1937; Tobler 1950; Hedge 1983; Tite and Bimson 1989; Rösch et al. 1997; Bar‐Yosef Mayer et al . 2004; Panei et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Archaeometric studies of similar micro‐beads from Harappan and Near Eastern sites indicate that many were formed from synthetic enstatite (e.g., Hedge 1983; Barthélemy de Saizieu and Bouquillon 1994; Bar‐Yosef Mayer et al . 2004; Panei et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2005). For example, Bar‐Yosef Mayer et al . (2004, 493) determined from OM, SEM–EDS and XRD analyses that the micro‐beads from Peqi'in, Israel, were formed from a powdered talc paste comprising predominantly silicon and magnesium with trace elements of copper and iron, which was then fired with a flux to produce beads of artificial enstatite and cristobalite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Micro‐bead manufacture is a geographically widespread practice dating from the fifth millennium bc . However, as Bar‐Yosef Mayer and colleagues have pointed out (2004, 500), our current understanding of micro‐bead technology is incomplete: where this technology originated,precisely how the technology dispersed, and the specifics of the micro‐beads manufacture have not yet been fully established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Characterization of Late Chalcolithic Micro‐beads From Çamlibel Tarlasi, North‐central Anatolia

Pickard

Schoop

2012

Archaeometry

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Micro‐bead manufacture is geographically widespread from the fifth millennium bc. Previous studies of comparable micro‐beads from sites in the Indus Valley region and the Near East suggest that many of these beads were formed from synthetic enstatite. Characterization of micro‐beads from the Late Chalcolithic site of Çamlıbel Tarlası was carried out by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microanalysis with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The chemical composition of the micro‐beads analysed indicated that they were made from three distinctive materials; namely, bulk talc (i.e., synthetic enstatite precursor), apatite and mineral‐rich clay pastes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characterization of Late Chalcolithic Micro‐beads From Çamlibel Tarlasi, North‐central Anatolia

Pickard

Schoop

2012

Archaeometry

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Variation in occlusal dental wear of two Chalcolithic populations in the southern Levant

Chattah

Smith

2006

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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Occlusal wear rate and wear plane in two Chalcolithic ( approximately 6500-5500 BP) samples from the southern Levant were compared, using paired first and second mandibular molars. Though food staples in both societies were derived from agro-pastoralism, they were located in distinct environmental regions: Wadi (W.) Makkukh in the Judean desert, and Peqi'in in the Upper Galilee. Accordingly, it was predicted that variation in wear should occur due to their location in distinct environments. Jaw size and tooth size were measured to estimate the possible impact of these variables on wear scores. Molar occlusal surfaces were divided into four quadrants, and wear scores were recorded for each quadrant. Principal axis analysis was then performed between total wear scores of paired, adjacent first and second molars to assess wear rates. Principal axis analysis was also used to analyze the change in occlusal wear plane in each sample by comparing between-buccal-cusps wear scores of the first molar with lingual wear scores of the second molar. The results indicate that the occlusal wear plane was similar in both samples but that wear tended to be more rapid in W. Makkukh. Since both samples were similar in jaw/tooth size, it is argued that the results reflect less refined food-processing methods as well as the unintentional ingestion of sand by individuals interred in the Judean desert.

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Stone Beads

Mayer¹

2014

Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures

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Steatite beads at Peqi'in: long distance trade and pyro-technology during the Chalcolithic of the Levant

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Characterization of Late Chalcolithic Micro‐beads From Çamlibel Tarlasi, North‐central Anatolia

Characterization of Late Chalcolithic Micro‐beads From Çamlibel Tarlasi, North‐central Anatolia

Variation in occlusal dental wear of two Chalcolithic populations in the southern Levant

Stone Beads

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