Steam gasification of printed circuit board from e-waste: Effect of coexisting nickel to hydrogen production

Salbidegoitia, Joseba A.; Fuentes-Ordóñez, E.G.; González-Marcos, M.P.; González‐Velasco, Juan R.; Bhaskar, Thallada; Kamo, Tohru

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.01.006

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…% plastics and 30 wt. % refractory oxides [4], WEEE is a promising stream from which valuable materials are possible to be obtained. Metallic fraction can be easily recovered from eddy currents and magnetic processes that separate steel, aluminium and cooper from the mix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dechlorination of Plastic-Rich Fractions Rejected From Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment Recycling Plants by Means of Stepwise Pyrolysis for Valorization

Perez-Martinez

López-Urionabarrenechea

Serras-Malillos

et al. 2021

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Waste from Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is a rapid growing waste stream, with an 18 wt. % increase from 2014 to 2019. The great polymeric nature of this stream makes it prone to be used as feed in processes for the production of alternative fuels. However, the presence of halogens in the formula of the polymers lead to their release when combusted, and combined with the presence of organic compounds, to the production of dioxins and furans, strong pollutants for humans and the environment. In this work a rejected stream from a WEEE recycling plant was studied to determine the suitability of a pyrolysis process for the production of alternative liquid fuel. The initial analysis of the sample revealed an 80 wt. % of volatile matter coming from the high polymeric nature, which was mostly composed of styrene and other thermoplastics, and 7,767 ppm of chlorine. Two main temperature driven degradation steps were found at 300°C and 420°C. The pyrolysis temperature was set at 500°C, under a heating rate of 15°C/minute with a 30 minute dwell time, and the system was purged with a nitrogen flow of 1 dm 3 /min. Under these parameters a 70 wt. % liquid yield was achieved, with 5,375 ppm chlorine content. In order to lower the chlorine concentration in the resulting products, a dechlorination step was studied at 300°C for which two isotherm times were tested, at 30 and 60 minutes, in order to find the most efficient one. For the 60 minutes dechlorination step a significant drop of chlorine in the liquids was found.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dechlorination of Plastic-Rich Fractions Rejected From Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment Recycling Plants by Means of Stepwise Pyrolysis for Valorization

Perez-Martinez

López-Urionabarrenechea

Serras-Malillos

et al. 2021

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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“…A lot of potential remains for pyro-gasification (both as feedstock recycling or as energy recovery) of plastic waste, as this would reduce the volume of material sent to landfill thus saving landfill space, and allow valorization as material or energy. Pyro-gasification (with air, pure oxygen, steam and carbon dioxide or their mixtures as gasifying agent) of pure plastics is treated in many publications: Xiao et al, 2007 [13], Ongen, 2016 [14], Toledo et al, 2011 [15], Erkiaga et al 2013 [16], Wu and Williams, 2010 [17], Acomb et al, 2014 [18], Wilk and Hofbauer, 2013 [19], Kannan et al, 2013 [20], Cho et al, 2013 [21], [22], Cho et al, 2014 [23], Lopez et al, 2015 [24], Arena et al, 2011 [25], Arena and Gregorio, 2014 [26], Kim et al, 2011 [27], Lee et al, 2013 [28], Salbidegoitia et al 2015 [29]. Pyrogasification of mixed plastics is treated by Friengfung et al, 2014 [30], Martinez-Lera et al, 2013 [31], Saad and Williams, 2016 [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-pyrogasification of Plastics and Biomass, a Review

Block¹,

Ephraim

Weiss-Hortala

et al. 2018

Waste Biomass Valor

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Over the past few decades, the sharp rise in post-consumer plastic and biomass waste has resulted in an ever growing challenge to treat such waste sustainably. Co-pyrogasification of plastics and biomass mixtures, as opposed to separately converting these waste streams, offers several advantages including an improvement in syngas quality and composition (H2/CO ratio) in relation to the desired application, and an easier reactor feeding of plastics. Furthermore, many studies have shown that co-pyrogasification promotes the conversion of waste to gas rather than char and tar. However, in order to achieve the desired product distribution or syngas composition, operating parameters such as the reactor temperature, equivalence ratio (air or oxygen), steam/fuel ratio and catalyst, have to be optimized. Thus, this paper aims to review literature studies on the co-pyrogasification of plastics and biomass by considering various aspects including the process principle, reactors, influence of feedstock characteristics and operating parameters on the products, as well as the synergies observed during the thermoconversion of plastics and biomass mixtures with some reference to coal mixtures when necessary.

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“…14. Residual solid carbon or tar derived from plastic did not form, and most of the metal was recovered without oxidation, although the surface of the thin copper film used in the electronic board was slightly discolored. When small nickel particles were placed in the reactor as a model of electrode terminals attached to the circuit boards, the nickel particles showed a nearly equal catalytic acceleration effect to the steam gasification with molten carbonates 25) .…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Resources from End-of-life Industrial Products by Using Liquefaction or Gasification

Kamo

2017

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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Steam gasification of printed circuit board from e-waste: Effect of coexisting nickel to hydrogen production

Cited by 32 publications

References 44 publications

Dechlorination of Plastic-Rich Fractions Rejected From Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment Recycling Plants by Means of Stepwise Pyrolysis for Valorization

Dechlorination of Plastic-Rich Fractions Rejected From Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment Recycling Plants by Means of Stepwise Pyrolysis for Valorization

Co-pyrogasification of Plastics and Biomass, a Review

Recovery of Resources from End-of-life Industrial Products by Using Liquefaction or Gasification

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