Stealing Cookies in the Twenty-First Century: Measures of Spoken Narrative in Healthy Versus Speakers With Aphasia

Berube, Shauna; Nonnemacher, Jodi; Demsky, Cornelia; Glenn, Shenly; Saxena, Sadhvi; Wright, Amy; Tippett, Donna C.; Hillis, Argye E.

doi:10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0131

Cited by 47 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…These results confirmed previous findings that claimed CPs were more easily recognizable than blackand-white LDs of similar objects (Brodie et al 1991). A recent study, conducted by Berube et al (2019), incorporated colour and modified the images involved in the 'cookie theft picture' of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (Goodglass and Kaplan 1972). Without changing the theme of the 'cookie theft picture', the investigators added some new images; for example, a dog is licking up crumbs that the boy dropped on the floor while stealing cookies; a man is cleaning the dishes while the woman is mowing their lawn.…”

Section: Colour Over Black and Whitesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The colour-incorporated revised 'cookie theft picture' successfully identified two groups (participating neurologically healthy adults and PWA) after analysing the language samples. There were statistically significant differences between the spontaneous language production of these two groups (Berube et al 2019).…”

Section: Colour Over Black and Whitementioning

confidence: 82%

“…In existing aphasia research and assessments, picture types vary in depicting the realism of a picture stimulus, which ranges from black-and-white line drawings (LDs) to coloured LDs, and to black-and-white photographs (Berube et al 2019, Brown and Thiessen 2018, Heuer 2016. McKelvey et al (2010) reported that picture characteristics could affect the PWA's ability to identify words as well as concepts.…”

Section: Importance Of a Realistic Stimulus For Pdtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, considering aphasia as a symbolic processing deficit (McNeil and Pratt 2001), it can be assumed that PWA may benefit from strategies dependent on non-linguistic processing. Based on this assumption, recent research with PWA as well as neurologically healthy adults found two realistic picture-related visuographic variables: (1) photograph over LD and (2) colour over black and white, improved the picture comprehension and language production (Berube et al 2019, Dietz et al 2009, Griffith et al 2014, Heuer 2016. The following two sections will briefly describe the literature in support of incorporating those two visuographic variables in a PDT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Comparing language samples of Bangla speakers using a colour photograph and a black‐and‐white line drawing

Mazumdar

Donovan

Sultana

2020

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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Background A comprehensive aphasia assessment is necessary to diagnose the type and severity of aphasia differentially and guide appropriate interventions. One component of an aphasia assessment is the picture description task (PDT), designed to probe spontaneous speech fluency and information content. Most aphasia assessments use black‐and‐white line drawings (LD) to elicit spontaneous language samples from people with aphasia (PWA). However, recent studies reported two visuographic variables: (1) colour (over black and white) and (2) photograph (over LD), that tended to encourage easier and faster comprehension and increased overall naturalistic language production from neurologically healthy individuals as well as PWA. Additionally, a suitable stimulus for a PDT should always be culturally relevant to the target population. Therefore, we suggest that a new PDT must include a culturally appropriate colour photograph (CP). Aims To investigate if a culturally appropriate CP elicits longer and more complex utterances than a culturally appropriate black‐and‐white LD from neurologically healthy native Bangla speakers. Methods & Procedures A total of 30 participants (mean age = 36.03 years) were recruited based on self‐reports of no known impairments in cognition, language, vision and hearing. All were of middle socioeconomic status with at least 12 years of formal education. A culturally appropriate CP was selected showing multiple characters performing various functions. Later, an artist prepared the black‐and‐white LD of that CP. The elicited language samples using these two pictures were transcribed and coded following preset transcription and coding guidelines. The transcribed samples were further analysed using the Bangla adaptation of Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (SALT) software. To identify the differences in language production between these two picture types, investigators used four measurement variables: mean length of utterances (MLU), complexity index (CI), total number of words (TNW) and words per minute (WPM). Outcomes & Results Of the four measures, only MLU showed a statistically significant difference between the CP and the black‐and‐white LD. CI demonstrated a strong correlation with MLU for the CP, which indicates that the participants who produced higher MLU for the CP also produced a higher CI for the CP. There were no significant differences between the two picture types for CI, TNW and WPM. Conclusions & Implications This study found that the grammatical complexity, as measured by MLU, of spontaneous language production of neurologically healthy adults was higher when a CP was used in a PDT. A CP may also be beneficial for PWA to produce complex language samples.

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Section: Colour Over Black and Whitesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Colour Over Black and Whitementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Importance Of a Realistic Stimulus For Pdtmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Comparing language samples of Bangla speakers using a colour photograph and a black‐and‐white line drawing

Mazumdar

Donovan

Sultana

2020

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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“…For reasons related to its simplicity, standardization and task constraints, and existence of large volumes of data (particularly the DementiaBank (MacWhinney, 2019)), picture description appears to have largely captured the field of discourse analysis (de la Fuente Garcia et al, 2020). There are, however, significant drawbacks to relying on picture descriptions, including limited richness and length (Ash et al, 2006), the somewhat unnatural nature of the task, and (in the case of the Cookie Theft picture) an outdated depiction of domestic life (Berube et al, 2019). Similarly, procedural recall places constraints on discourse but rarely occurs in everyday conversation and so can result in overly simplified speech (Sherratt and Bryan, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Connected Speech Tasks for Detecting Early Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning

Clarke

Barrick

Garrard

2021

Front. Comput. Sci.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a long pre-clinical period, and so there is a crucial need for early detection, including of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Computational analysis of connected speech using Natural Language Processing and machine learning has been found to indicate disease and could be utilized as a rapid, scalable test for early diagnosis. However, there has been a focus on the Cookie Theft picture description task, which has been criticized. Fifty participants were recruited – 25 healthy controls (HC), 25 mild AD or MCI (AD+MCI) – and these completed five connected speech tasks: picture description, a conversational map reading task, recall of an overlearned narrative, procedural recall and narration of a wordless picture book. A high-dimensional set of linguistic features were automatically extracted from each transcript and used to train Support Vector Machines to classify groups. Performance varied, with accuracy for HC vs. AD+MCI classification ranging from 62% using picture book narration to 78% using overlearned narrative features. This study shows that, importantly, the conditions of the speech task have an impact on the discourse produced, which influences accuracy in detection of AD beyond the length of the sample. Further, we report the features important for classification using different tasks, showing that a focus on the Cookie Theft picture description task may narrow the understanding of how early AD pathology impacts speech.

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Implications of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Cookie Theft Picture—A Closer Look

2022

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Stealing Cookies in the Twenty-First Century: Measures of Spoken Narrative in Healthy Versus Speakers With Aphasia

Abstract: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7015223.

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Comparing language samples of Bangla speakers using a colour photograph and a black‐and‐white line drawing

Comparing language samples of Bangla speakers using a colour photograph and a black‐and‐white line drawing

A Comparison of Connected Speech Tasks for Detecting Early Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning

Implications of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Cookie Theft Picture—A Closer Look

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