Steady-State Transitions and Polymorph Transformations in Continuous Precipitation of Calcium Carbonate

Interaction between dissolved silica and calcium carbonate: 1. Spontaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate in the presence of dissolved silica

“…Furthermore, the proportion of vaterite and calcite was observed to depend on the ratio of the reagent concentrations (Brooks et al, 1950). Similar observations were made by Chakraborty et al (1994). They reported that at high ratios of calcium to carbonate (>7), vaterite nucleation predominated.…”

Double‐hydrophilic polyether antiscalant used as a crystal growth modifier of calcium scales in cooling‐water systems

“…It is traditionally recognized that vaterite crystals are the initial phase form in CaCO 3 saturation solutions, and they can transform into calcite spontaneously if there is no interference, but under certain conditions, such as with pH changes and injection of inhibitors, it also can be stabilized in water solutions. 36 In the absence of an antiscalant [ Figure 6 These results manifest that not only the CaCO 3 crystal size and shape changed but also that the crystals forms altered to an extent. TEM was used to carry out further detailed research toward CaCO 3 and CaSO 4 crystals, and the investigation results are shown in Figure 8.…”

Performance of inhibitors on CaCO3 scale deposition in stainless steel & copper pipe surface

“…In the absence of scale inhibitors calcite can be formed from the transformation of aragonite or vaterite [31,32]. Vaterite is the initial phase formed in many CaCO 3 supersaturated solutions and then gradually transforms to calcite [33]. Although calcite has the greatest thermodynamic stability under ambient conditions, however in the presence of scale inhibitors, the thermodynamically less stable aragonite and/or vaterite phases may be stabilized.…”