Steady-state performance of a two-phase natural circulation loop

Thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the natural circulation evaporative cooling system of hydro-generator stator busbar under different loop heights

“…It was found that loop diameter can be viewed as the most influencing parameter on the flow rate. By utilizing HEM (Homogeneous Equilibrium Model) and TEDFM (Thermal Equilibrium Drift Flux Model), N. M. Rao et al (2006) dissected the steady-state behavior of a rectangular uniform cross section two-phase natural circulation loop and found that the cooling and heating lengths and the temperature of the liquid at the entry of the heating section have to be selected optimally to generate the maximum mass flow rate (N. M. Rao et al, 2006). Based on the analytical analysis, JinHo et al(2008) studied the optimal geometric configuration for a two-phase natural circulation loop under the constraints of a fixed fluid volume and an installation volume, and an optimal loop configuration resulting in a maximum flow rate was obtained, which does not vary greatly with the loop size (JinHo et al, 2008).…”

Experimental investigation on two-phase thermosyphon loop with partially liquid-filled downcomer

“…The TPTL is capable of transferring heat with high heat flux over a relatively long distance, and maintains excellent isothermality. Consequently, the TPTL has been extensively used in some traditional fields, such as cooling of electronic components [2][3][4][5], light water reactors [6][7][8], and solar water heater systems [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

“…1. For these TPTLs, the circulation flow rate [3,8], pressure drop in riser [4], boiling behaviors in the evaporator [3,17], and instability phenomena [2,5], have been extensively studied. In these studies, most of the researchers take it granted that the downcomer is fully filled of liquid, which means the liquid head is always equal to the height difference between the condenser and the evaporator, and larger height difference will lead to larger driving force and better performance as a result.…”

“…In these studies, most of the researchers take it granted that the downcomer is fully filled of liquid, which means the liquid head is always equal to the height difference between the condenser and the evaporator, and larger height difference will lead to larger driving force and better performance as a result. Based on this viewpoint, modellings were developed to simulate the performance of TPTL, where the full liquid head (equal to the height difference) drives the circulation [3][4][5]8,18].…”

Numerical Simulations and Design Optimization of the PHT Loop of Natural Circulation BWR

“…Jafari et al [2] have analyzed the effect of design parameters on natural circulation loop and have done stability analysis using RELAP5 thermal hydraulic code. Rao et al [3] have studied the performance of natural circulation loop using homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM) and drift flux model through one-dimensional approach. Kok and van der Hagen [4] developed a steady-state mathematical model to simulate DESIRE test facility and conducted parametric studies.Garg et al [5] did parametric studies of NCBWR using artificial neural network (ANN) model, which was trained using the results of RELAP5/MOD3.2 simulation.…”