Staying Alive: Vibrio cholerae's Cycle of Environmental Survival, Transmission, and Dissemination

Conner, Jenna G.; Teschler, Jennifer K.; Jones, Chris J.; Yildiz, Fitnat H.

doi:10.1128/9781555819286.ch21

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 238 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Current cholera cases are mainly due to the O1 biotype El Tor (both Inaba and Ogawa), while classical strains are rarely isolated [1][2][3]. Cholera transmission is primarily mediated by either free-living planktonic cells, biofilm-associated cells, or dormant V. cholerae O1 [25,[30][31][32]. Some phenotypic variants, such as rugose cells, also confer increased resistance to antimicrobial compounds and environmental stress conditions during interepidemic periods [33].…”

Section: Vibrio Choleraementioning

confidence: 99%

Cholera dynamics: lessons from an epidemic

Balasubramanian

Murcia

Ogbunugafor

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cholera is a severe diarrhoeal disease that spreads rapidly and affects millions of people each year, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths. The disease is caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 and is characterized by watery diarrhoea that can be lethal if not properly treated. Cholera had not been reported in South America from the late 1800s until 1991, when it was introduced in Peru, wreaking havoc in one of the biggest epidemics reported to date. Within a year, the disease had spread to most of the Latin American region, resulting in millions of cases and thousands of deaths in all affected countries. Despite its aggressive entry, cholera virtually disappeared from the continent after 1999. The progression of the entire epidemic was well documented, making it an ideal model to understand cholera dynamics. In this review, we highlight how the synergy of socioeconomic, political and ecological factors led to the emergence, rapid spread and eventual disappearance of cholera in Latin America. We discuss how measures implemented during the cholera epidemic drastically changed its course and continental dynamics. Finally, we synthesize our findings and highlight potential lessons that can be learned for efficient and standardized cholera management programmes during future outbreaks in non-endemic areas.

show abstract

Section: Vibrio Choleraementioning

confidence: 99%

Cholera dynamics: lessons from an epidemic

Balasubramanian

Murcia

Ogbunugafor

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Importantly, both newly engineered rpoS mutants produced copious amounts of HapR at high cell densities (Fig. 3C), challenging the general notion that RpoS positively regulates HapR production (Yildiz et al ., 2004; Conner et al ., 2016). At this point, we cannot distinguish whether the GOF luxO mutation was introduced into the rpoS::cm mutant strain when it was initially generated (Yildiz and Schoolnik, 1998) or whether it appeared through extended lab domestication while the strain was transferred between group members in the Schoolnik laboratory (we confirmed the luxO mutation in three independent aliquots that were transferred from the Schoolnik laboratory to the Blokesch laboratory in 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of chitin‐induced natural transformation in pandemic Vibrio choleraeO1 El Tor strains

Stutzmann

Blokesch

2020

Environmental Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The human pathogen Vibrio cholerae serves as a model organism for many important processes ranging from pathogenesis to natural transformation, which has been extensively studied in this bacterium. Previous work has deciphered important regulatory circuits involved in natural competence induction as well as mechanistic details related to its DNA acquisition and uptake potential. However, since competence was first reported for V. cholerae in 2005, many researchers have struggled with reproducibility in certain strains. In this study, we therefore compare prominent seventh pandemic V. cholerae isolates, namely strains A1552, N16961, C6706, C6709, E7946, P27459, and the close relative MO10, for their natural transformability and decipher underlying defects that mask the high degree of competence conservation. Through a combination of experimental approaches and comparative genomics based on new whole-genome sequences and de novo assemblies, we identify several strain-specific defects, mostly in genes that encode key players in quorum sensing. Moreover, we provide evidence that most of these deficiencies might have recently occurred through laboratory domestication events or through the acquisition of mobile genetic elements. Lastly, we highlight that differing experimental approaches between research groups might explain more of the variations than strain-specific alterations.

show abstract

“…The expression of these two virulence factors is regulated by a transcription activator ToxT. [ 85 ] During the infectious process, ToxT undergoes conformational changes depending on signals encountered in the small intestine that promotes production of CT. [ 86 ] In this perspective, a number of compounds were evaluated, designed or synthesized to attack this important route of virulence. These compounds reduce virulence gene expression, like the CT, by binding ToxT and inhibiting ToxT‐DNA binding interactions.…”

Section: Inhibitors Of Expression Of Virulence Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of therapeutic approaches available for the treatment of cholera

Sousa

Nolêto

Chaves

et al. 2020

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives The oral rehydration solution is the most efficient method to treat cholera; however, it does not interfere in the action mechanism of the main virulence factor produced by Vibrio cholerae, the cholera toxin (CT), and this disease still stands out as a problem for human health worldwide. This review aimed to describe therapeutic alternatives available in the literature, especially those related to the search for molecules acting upon the physiopathology of cholera. Key findings New molecules have offered a protection effect against diarrhoea induced by CT or even by infection from V. cholerae. The receptor regulator cystic fibrosis channel transmembrane (CFTR), monosialoganglioside (GM1), enkephalinase, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibitors of expression of virulence factors and activators of ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase are the main therapeutic targets studied. Many of these molecules or extracts still present unclear action mechanisms. Conclusions Knowing therapeutic alternatives and their molecular mechanisms for the treatment of cholera could guide us to develop a new drug that could be used in combination with the rehydration solution.

show abstract

Staying Alive: Vibrio cholerae's Cycle of Environmental Survival, Transmission, and Dissemination

Cited by 26 publications

References 238 publications

Cholera dynamics: lessons from an epidemic

Cholera dynamics: lessons from an epidemic

Comparison of chitin‐induced natural transformation in pandemic Vibrio choleraeO1 El Tor strains

A comprehensive review of therapeutic approaches available for the treatment of cholera

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About