Status, source, ecological and health risk assessment of toxic metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust of Abadan, Iran

Ghanavati, Navid; Nazarpour, Ahad; Watts, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2019.02.022

Cited by 101 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…With global socioeconomic development, elemental pollution has gradually become a key factor that threatens the soil ecological environment and endangers human health [1,2]. Therefore, the pollution of these elements in the soil is a source of global concern [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Elements in Soils from a Typical Light Industrial City, China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Assessment, and the Source Apportionment

Peng

Xie

Zeng

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Contamination with the eight elements, Hg, As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cd, is a serious concern in Zhongshan, which is a typical light industrial city, China. 60 surface soil samples were collected to investigate the concentrations, spatial distribution, human health risk, and sources of these elements in the soils in Zhongshan. The concentrations of the eight elements were analyzed while using ordinary kriging analysis, pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (RI), human health risk, correlation analysis, and factor analysis. The mean concentrations of the tested elements, excluding Pb and As, were higher than the soil background values in the Pearl River Delta. The spatial distribution of the tested elements revealed a zonal distribution pattern and high values in several areas. The mean PLI and RI indicated slight and moderate risk levels. Health risk assessment demonstrates that both children and adults were more exposed to Cu than to Cr, As, and Cd. However, the associated carcinogenic risk is acceptable. Hg that originated from human activities; As, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Cd originated from industrial activities; and, Pb and Zn originated from transportation activities. Cd was the main pollutant in the study area and it was present at higher concentrations when compared with those of the other elements. Therefore, Zhongshan should encourage enterprises to conduct industrial transformation to control the ecological risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Elements in Soils from a Typical Light Industrial City, China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Assessment, and the Source Apportionment

Peng

Xie

Zeng

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…2 mg•kg− 1 ). The background obtained was in the same range as other locations with BaP-enriched soil, such as the areas of Abadan, Iran (0.061 mg•kg − 1 )[25], Sydney, Australia (0.22 mg•kg − 1 )[54], Delmarva, USA (0.39 mg•kg − 1 )[35], Berre, France (0.26 mg•kg − 1 )[4], Mecoacán, Mexico (0.22 mg•kg − 1 )[5], and Torino, Italy (0.23 mg•kg − 1 )[49].…”

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confidence: 59%

Benzo[a]pyrene sourcing and abundance in a Coal Region in Transition reveals historical pollution, rendering soil screening levels impractical.

Boente

Baragaño

Gallego

2020

Preprint

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Background Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a hazardous compound for human health and for environmental compartments. Its transfer and deposition through the atmosphere affects soil quality. In this regard, soil screening levels are commonly used to monitor the degree of soil contamination. However, these thresholds are often established without considering historical anthropogenic activities that affect soil (diffuse pollution). In this context, this study had the following objectives: 1) to identify the potential pollutant load of BaP, as well as other Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), in the soil of an area in a prominent Coal Region in Transition in NW Spain; 2) to test whether soil screening levels are realistic and whether they reflect the complexity of regions closely linked to heavy industries and mining; and 3) to determine whether there is a relationship between PAHs and inorganic pollutants. Results The 150 soil samples studied showed a notable content of high molecular weight PAHs. In this regard, BaP surpassed the threshold levels in practically the entire area. Samples fell into groups: a first group of outliers statistically determined through robust Mahalanobis distance, and three more by means of hierarchical cluster analysis. PAH-parent diagrams revealed a relatively homogenous fingerprint for all clusters. In addition, molecular diagnostic ratios pointed to coal combustion as the main pollution source, whereas only a few of the outliers appeared to be related to specific spills. The BaP background was calculated to be 0.24 mg·kg− 1, exceeding the threshold limits established in Spain by more than 10 times. Finally, a factor analysis revealed a moderate correlation of BaP with elements usually associated with coal combustion, such as Tl and V. Conclusions The soils of regions associated with coal exploitation and heavy industry have an indelible pollution fingerprint, caused namely by BaP and other PAHs, which come to form part of the geochemical background. The use of official soil screening levels in such regions is therefore questionable, and hot points should be determined on the basis of soil backgrounds specifically calculated for these areas.

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“…Nilai ∑LMW yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nilai ∑HMW mengindikasikan bahwa sumber pencemaran ini direpresntasikan oleh benzena bercincin tiga yaitu acenaphthylene, fluorine,dan phenanthrene yang berasal dari hasil pembakaran bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor (Steinhauer & Boehm, 1992). Jenis senyawa PAH acenaphthylene, fluorine, dan phenanthrene juga bersumber proses pirogenik pembakaran produk dengan suhu rendah (Ghanavati et al, 2019). Analisis lebih lanjut untuk identifikasi asal sumber pencemaran dalam studi ini selain melalui rasio ∑LMW/∑HMW, juga menggunakan pendekatan rasio binary senyawa PAH, yaitu rasio Ind/(Ind + B[g,h,i]P), Fluo/(Fluo + Pyr), An/(An + Phe), dan B[a]A/(B[a]A + Chry) (Tobiszewski & Namieśnik, 2012).…”

Section: Analisis Sumber Senyawa Pahunclassified

Distribusi Spasial dan Analisis Risiko Ekologi Senyawa Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) di Perairan Cilincing – Teluk Jakarta

Yogaswara

Prartono

Satya

2020

OLDI

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Spatial distribution and ecological risk analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cilincing waters – Jakarta Bay. Within a few decades, Polycylic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution increases in marine environment in seawater, sediment, and organism. Generally, this pollutant comes from industrial and household waste, agricultural runoff, shipping activities, and input from atmospheric deposition. This study aims to determine the concentration, spasial distribution, source, and ecological risks analysis in Cilincing waters, Jakarta Bay. Samples of seawater, total suspended solid (TSS), and sediment were collected on April 2019 at ten stations. Samples were stored at 4oC afterward analyzed in the laboratory. All samples were then extracted with dichloromethane and n-hexane solvents. They were then fractionated with n-pentane: dichloromethane, and the results were injected into a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) instrument. The highest concentration of PAH compounds in seawater, TSS, and sediment samples are 208.74 ng.L1-; 5.90 ng.L1-; and 63.63 ng.g1- dry weight (dw) respectively. The highest spatial distribution of PAHs in seawater and TSS samples were detected in station 1, 9, and 10, whilst in sediment sample was in station 5 and 6. The ratio of ∑Low Molecular Weight (LMW)/∑High Molecular Weight (HMW), Fluo/(Fluo + Pyr), and An/(An + Phe) revealed that the source of PAH pollution dominated from pyrogenic, especially petroleum combustion from vehicle engine. The total concentration of ∑PAH-9 in sediment was 31.21 ng.g1-dw which was lower than Effects Range Low (ERL), Effects Range Median (ERM), Threshold Effect Levels (TEL), and Probably Effect Levels (PEL) values referred to sediment quality guideline. These results were indicated low potential of causing an adverse biological effect.

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Status, source, ecological and health risk assessment of toxic metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust of Abadan, Iran

Abstract: The potential hazard to human health from exposure to toxic metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust was assessed using thirty street dust samples collected from Abadan,

Cited by 101 publications

References 70 publications

Eight Elements in Soils from a Typical Light Industrial City, China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Assessment, and the Source Apportionment

Eight Elements in Soils from a Typical Light Industrial City, China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Assessment, and the Source Apportionment

Benzo[a]pyrene sourcing and abundance in a Coal Region in Transition reveals historical pollution, rendering soil screening levels impractical.

Distribusi Spasial dan Analisis Risiko Ekologi Senyawa Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) di Perairan Cilincing – Teluk Jakarta

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