Status of Women in Academic Anesthesiology: A 10-Year Update

Bissing, Martha A; Lange, Elizabeth M.S.; Davila, Wilmer F; Wong, Cynthia A.; McCarthy, Robert J.; Stock, M.; Toledo, Paloma

doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000003691

Cited by 97 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…56 In a 10-year update on the status of women in academic anesthesiology, Bissing et al collected data on medical students, residents, and faculty from the AAMC. 57 They compared the distribution of academic rank of female faculty and the number of women chairpersons from 2006 to 2016. They also examined the gender distribution of editorial board members from major anesthesiology journals and data on research grant awards over time.…”

Section: Anesthesiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Disparities in Cardiovascular Fellowship Training Among 3 Specialties From 2007 to 2017

Capdeville

2019

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

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Despite women accounting for nearly half of all U.S. medical school graduates, this balanced representation is lacking in the cardiovascular specialties. To explore this question further, gender-based trends in the selection of cardiovascular subspecialty fellowship training were investigated among three core specialties: anesthesiology, medicine, and surgery. Using enrollment and workforce data from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), and the Journal of the American Medical Association Annual Report on Graduate Medical Education, trends in cardiovascular fellowship selection among women were examined over a 10-year period (2007-2017). An attempt was also made to better understand barriers that might contribute to any discrepancies, as well as factors that might influence women's choices of cardiovascular specialties over other fields.

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Section: Anesthesiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Disparities in Cardiovascular Fellowship Training Among 3 Specialties From 2007 to 2017

Capdeville

2019

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

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“…The under-representation of women in anaesthesiology, 9,10 especially in positions of leadership and influence, 11,12 is multifactorial. A scarcity of women faculty role models, 13 hostile work environments with harassment 14,15 and microaggressions, 16 and the inability or unwillingness to allow schedules that facilitate the multiple roles that women are often expected to play 17 contribute to women avoiding anaesthesiology in general and academic anaesthesiology in particular.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering belonging in academic anaesthesiology: faculty and department chair perspectives on supporting women anaesthesiologists

Lane‐Fall

Gordon²,

Valentine³

et al. 2020

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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An increasing number of global initiatives aim to address the disconnection between the increasing number of women entering medicine and the persistence of gender imbalance in the physician anaesthesiologist workforce. This commentary complements the global movement's efforts to increase women's representation in academic anaesthesiology by presenting considerations for fostering inclusion for women in academic anaesthesiology from both the faculty and departmental leadership perspectives in a US academic anaesthesiology department.The past several decades have witnessed a growing appreciation for gender diversity in medicine, 1,2 with an increasing number of women becoming physicians. 3 Despite this change, there is a persistence of specialties in which men are overrepresented, including anaesthesiology. 4,5 Global efforts to foster the inclusion of women in anaesthesiology include the British Journal of Anaesthesia symposium on Women in Anaesthesia Research (https://www.periopmedicine.org.au/index. php/2019prato), the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists Gender Equity Position Statement and Action Plan, 6 and the US Women in Anesthesiology initiative. 7 The goal of this commentary was to augment these global efforts by presenting a framework that may be useful in planning and evaluating efforts to retain and support women faculty anaesthesiologists. Using Maslow's 8 hierarchy of needs to structure the discussion, we present considerations for fostering inclusion for women in academic anaesthesiology from both faculty and departmental leadership perspectives from the University of Pennsylvania Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care. We used the terms 'women' and 'men' to indicate gender identity, recognising that there are individuals with non-binary gender identity whose experience is not well captured by these terms.

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“…10 With the increasing representation of women in PD roles, the hope was for an increase in the overall academic advancement of women in anaesthesiology departments, and for greater numbers of female professors, chairs, and leaders. 8 Whilst the overall percentage of female anaesthesiology professors has remained relatively stagnant over the last 10 yr, 7 recent data for female PDs are more encouraging. We reviewed the gender and academic rank of anaesthesiology PDs in the 2018e9 academic year as determined by the ACGME list of PDs, and information on publicly available department websites or personal communication; any PD for whom gender or faculty rank could not be determined was excluded.…”

Section: Historical Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 Despite increasing numbers of women in academic anaesthesiology departments, the percentage of female full professors and chairs remained unchanged from 2006 to 2016, with little growth in the representation of women in specialty society leadership or on major journal editorial boards. 7 An area of encouraging growth has been the increasing number of women in the role of programme director (PD) of anaesthesiology residencies. Since 2000, the number of female PDs has increased, leading to the percentage of female PDs approaching the percentage of female residents and faculty in 2016.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The women holding these postgraduate education leadership roles are more likely to hold senior faculty ranks compared with other female academic anaesthesiologists. 7 This article reviews the current status of female residency PDs in anaesthesiology; highlights factors contributing to the recent increases in women's representation in educational leadership; and discusses why gender equity in education leadership will benefit trainees, promote increased female leadership in academic anaesthesiology, and improve working conditions for junior faculty of both genders. (Currently available data reviewed for this study use binary gender terms [female/male; women/men].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender distribution in United States anaesthesiology residency programme directors: trends and implications

Gonzalez

Fahy

Lien

2020

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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The under-representation of women in academic leadership roles, including in anaesthesiology, is a well-documented phenomenon that has persisted for decades despite more women attending medical school, participating in anaesthesiology residencies, and joining academic faculties. The percentage of female anaesthesiologists who hold senior academic ranks or leadership roles, such as chair, lags behind the percentage of female anaesthesiologists overall. Trends towards increasing the numbers of women serving in educational leadership roles, specifically residency programme directors, suggest that there are areas in which academic anaesthesiology has been, and can continue, improving gender imbalance. Continued institutional efforts to recruit women into anaesthesiology, reduce gender bias, and promote interventions that foster gender equity in hiring and promotion will continue to benefit women, academic anaesthesiology departments, and the healthcare system overall.

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Status of Women in Academic Anesthesiology: A 10-Year Update

Cited by 97 publications

References 24 publications

Gender Disparities in Cardiovascular Fellowship Training Among 3 Specialties From 2007 to 2017

Gender Disparities in Cardiovascular Fellowship Training Among 3 Specialties From 2007 to 2017

Fostering belonging in academic anaesthesiology: faculty and department chair perspectives on supporting women anaesthesiologists

Gender distribution in United States anaesthesiology residency programme directors: trends and implications

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