Status of the long-tailed macaque Macaca fascicularis in Singapore and implications for management

Sha, John Chih Mun; Gumert, Michael D.; Lee, Benjamin P. Y.‐H.; Fuentes, Agustín; Rajathurai, Subaraj; Chan, Sharon; Jones‐Engel, Lisa

doi:10.1007/s10531-009-9616-4

Cited by 63 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Sustained feeding by humans can also alter the reproductive success of macaques, by lowering infant and juvenile mortality and thus increasing population growth (Gumert et al, 2011). In contrast, humans can also limit population growth because they are dangerous to macaques and can harm or kill them through their activity, such as hunting, trapping (Louden et al, 2006), culling and removal of macaques (Gumert et al, 2011;Sha et al, 2009a;2009b). Areas of macaque-human interface range from highly competitive to mutualistic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population and Behavior Surveys of Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in the Old Town, Lopburi Province

Boonkusol¹,

Sanyathitiseree²,

Thongyuan³

et al. 2018

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in the old town, Lopburi province rapid increase in their number as well nuisance activities. Strategies and management plans of Lopburi province, Thailand need to be developed and enacted in order to remedy some of the problems occurring in human-macaque interface zones. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the macaque number and behavior, a survey on their population number and behavior was conducted from November, 2014 to May, 2015. Population estimation of long-tailed macaque was done by surveying seven macaque groups in the old town, Lopburi province: Prang Sam Yot shrine (GR1) Malai Rama theatre (GR2), Van station (GR3), Chayowanich building (GR4), Muang Thong hotel (GR5), Manora market (GR6) and Sengheng building (GR7). The identified macaque groups were visited during dusk or dawn and visual counts of each group were made carefully from close distance. One-way ANOVA, followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) method was used for analysis of differences in macaque population number. Total estimated macaque population of seven groups range was between 1,920 and 2,080. Group size ranged from 70 to 700 individuals. Male and female sex ratio was estimated at 1:1.3. Behavior of M. fascicularis was observed by using scan sampling method for 216 hours during November, 2014 to May, 2015. The high levels frequency of behavior between macaque and macaque was feeding (20%) and inactive (29%). Food-related interaction (32%) was the highest frequency of behavior between macaque and human. Results suggested that factors related to macaque number and behavior for could be related to dietary resources. Moreover, feeding, playing, agonistic, moving, defecation and foodrelated interaction behavior were high frequency at period of 9 am. Conflicting, aggression and vocalization behavior were shown the most percentage of behavior frequency at 10 am and 4 pm. This data will be useful for management of respective locales was recommended to formulate practical strategies to avoid or decrease the interaction between macaque and human. The macaque population needs to be monitored and studied in depth to better understand their dynamics and behavioral adaptations to this old town.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are at risk of human aggression, they move around and utilize electrical wiring for travel and frequently move on roads, presenting the risk of injury and fatality. In Singapore and Hong Kong, automobile accidents represent a large proportion of mortality (Sha et al, 2009a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population and Behavior Surveys of Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in the Old Town, Lopburi Province

Boonkusol¹,

Sanyathitiseree²,

Thongyuan³

et al. 2018

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…This interface is one that characterizes a majority of macaques' ranges (particularly M. fascicualris) throughout Indonesia, Singapore Malaysia, and Thailand, and in areas such as Hong Kong and Southern China [Aggimarangsee, 1992;Fuentes et al, 2005;Sha et al, 2009]. In particular, this interface is of interest given the potential threats to M. fascicualris populations in the Southeast Asian region [Eudey, 2008].…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserving social–ecological systems in Indonesia: human–nonhuman primate interconnections in Bali and Sulawesi

Riley

Fuentes

2010

American J Primatol

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An important question asked by primatologists and conservationists alike is: what is the relevance of primates and primate conservation for ecosystem conservation? The goal of this article is to contribute to this dialogue by advocating the use of a research perspective that focuses on the dynamics of human-nonhuman primate sympatry and interaction (i.e., ethnoprimatology) in order to better understand complex social-ecological systems and to inform their conservation management. This perspective/approach is based largely on the recognition that human primates are important components of all ecological systems and that niche construction is a fundamental feature of their adaptive success. To demonstrate the relevance of the human-nonhuman primate interface for ecosystem conservation, we provide examples from our research from two islands in the Indonesian archipelago: Bali and Sulawesi. In Bali, humans and long-tail macaques coexist in a system that creates favorable environments for the macaques. This anthropogenic landscape and the economic and ecological relationships between humans and monkeys on Bali provide insight into sustainable systems of human/nonhuman primate coexistence. In Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi, villagers and Tonkean macaques overlap in their use of both forest and cultivated resources. The finding that the Arenga pinnata palm is extremely important for both villagers and macaques points to a conservation management recommendation that may help protect the overall ecosystem; the cultivation and propagation of mutually important tree species at forest-agricultural ecotone as a means to curb crop raiding and to alleviate farmer's perceived need to clear additional forest.

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“…Disturbance-tolerance: I = Intolerant, T1 = can occupy secondary forest, T2 = can occupy rural gardens, plantations, pastures and heavily degraded former forest, T3 = can occupy urban areas. Source for threatened status and habitat occupation is IUCN (2012) and Deikumah and Kudom (2010), Sha et al (2009), Tsuji (2011), O'Brien and Kinnaird (1997, Riley and Priston (2010), Dittus (1977), Maisels et al (2006), and Hoffman and O'Riain (2011). should be reviewed to account for important ecological role they may play.…”

Section: Conservation and Research Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of disturbance-tolerant cercopithecine monkeys as seed dispersers in degraded habitats

Albert¹,

McConkey²,

Savini³

et al. 2014

Biological Conservation

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a b s t r a c tHabitat disturbance has caused a global decline in populations of frugivores, with critical consequences for seed dispersal. Large-seeded plants are especially threatened as they depend on a restricted number of large-bodied dispersers that are vulnerable to extinction and cannot maintain populations in most disturbed habitats. Cercopithecine monkeys are potentially key seed dispersers in disturbed habitats, because of the robustness of some species to disturbance and their ability to disperse large seeds. However, the potential ecological roles of the more disturbance-tolerant species are rarely discussed. This review evaluates the seed dispersal role of cercopithecines in disturbed habitats by investigating their ability to tolerate habitat disturbance, their seed dispersal abilities, and the threats to species survival. Cercopithecines are characterised by ecological flexibility; most species adjust their diet, group size, home range size and, often, feeding methods according to resource availability and habitat structure. Consequently, 79% of species are tolerant of varying degrees of habitat disturbance. Cercopithecines are often inconsistent seed dispersers, but they have the capacity to disperse many seeds, large seeds and to disperse them across large distances. They may be among the most important frugivores in altered environments in Asia and Africa. However, many disturbance-tolerant cercopithecine species are targeted by local people as pests, which poses a major threat to their conservation. In conclusion, the management of all disturbance-tolerant cercopithecine species should be re-evaluated given their importance in the regeneration of degraded Asian and African habitats.

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Status of the long-tailed macaque Macaca fascicularis in Singapore and implications for management

Cited by 63 publications

References 22 publications

Population and Behavior Surveys of Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in the Old Town, Lopburi Province

Population and Behavior Surveys of Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in the Old Town, Lopburi Province

Conserving social–ecological systems in Indonesia: human–nonhuman primate interconnections in Bali and Sulawesi

The value of disturbance-tolerant cercopithecine monkeys as seed dispersers in degraded habitats

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