Status of the digital pixel array detector for protein crystallography

Iqueye, a single photon-counting photometer applied to the ESO new technology telescope

“…For example, image intensifiers coupled with either CCD or CMOS sensors do not allow a fast time-tagging of the detected events. MCP-based detectors (Datte et al 1999;Siegmund et al 2004Siegmund et al , 2005, which potentially have extremely good temporal resolution down to a few tens of picoseconds, are limited by a fairly low maximum count rate of a few kHz and by relatively low efficiency photocathodes in the visible range. Even if the development of the second generation H33D MCP-based photon-counting detector (Michalet et al 2006a,b) seems very promising (with an expected time resolution of the order of 250 ps, and global count rate of the order of 20 MHz), the presently available generation does not yet have the characteristics as advanced as required for Iqueye.…”

Development of a fast readout system for the detection of low energy X rays

“…In the last decade considerable efforts has been devoted to the possibility of using planar silicon detectors for low energy X-ray detection in material science and medical applications [2][3][4][5]. In particular, finely segmented detectors bumpbonded to the readout electronics (pixel detectors) are very attractive because they offer the possibility of two-dimensional imaging [2,3].…”

“…In particular, finely segmented detectors bumpbonded to the readout electronics (pixel detectors) are very attractive because they offer the possibility of two-dimensional imaging [2,3]. At the moment, though, the active area of such devices is still limited by cost.…”

Spectroscopic quantum imaging using pixel-level ADCS in semiconductor-based hyrid pixel detectors

“…These are by no means the only devices of this type being developed in the world, and more information on other hybrid pixel detector systems can be found in e.g. [45,46,47,48,49].…”

“…† Similar readout systems have been described in the literature [47,48] for other pixel readout chips, but their approach was less general and more limited in their application.…”