Status of the decay data for medical radionuclides: existing and potential diagnostic γ emitters, diagnostic β⁺ emitters and therapeutic radioisotopes

Abstract

Recommended half-lives and specific well-defined emission energies and absolute emission probabilities are important input parameters that should be well-defined to assist in ensuring the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy of individual radionuclides when applied in the field of nuclear medicine. Bearing in mind the nature of these requirements, approximately one hundred radionuclides have been considered and re-assessed as to whether their decay data are either adequately quantified, or require further in-depth measurements to improve their existing status and merit full re-evaluations of their decay schemes. The primary aim of such a review is to provide sufficient information on the existing and future requirements for such atomic and nuclear data.

Efficient radioactive gas detection by scintillating porous metal–organic frameworks

“…These excellent properties prompt us to test verify compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 7 . On the other hand, gases from granite-rich areas ( 222 Rn and 220 Rn) [8][9][10] are pathogenic agents that must be quantified to mitigate the exposure risk, whereas xenon isotopes are useful as radioactive diagnostic contrast agents to evaluate pulmonary function, lung imaging and cerebral blood flow by inhalation [11][12][13] . The detection and radioactivity metrology of gases is thus a crucial aspect in a modern, technologically advanced and sustainable society, as demonstrated by the recurrent updates of regulations that ask for increasingly more sensitive and accurate detectors 14,15 .…”

“…2a,b)-at which size the emission properties are best-in highly reproducible batches from few tens of milligrams up to ~200 mg (Supplementary Table 1 and Supplementary Figs. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Low-temperature gas adsorption isotherms demonstrate the microporous nature of Hf-DPA, and the adsorption of noble gases such as argon and krypton (Fig.…”

Traceability for nuclear medicine: the status of primary radioactivity standards

“…the tumor) while sparing nearby healthy tissue. Alpha and beta-particle emitting radionuclides are used, but there is also interest in using lowenergy Auger electron-emitting radionuclides such as those that decay by electron-capture [17,18].…”

Copper radionuclides for theranostic applications: towards standardisation of their nuclear data. A mini-review

“…The most significant decay data and the important production methods of the five radionuclides under consideration are also given in Table 1. Both decay data and production methodologies have been amply described (Qaim et al, 2018;NUDAT 3.0, 2023;Nichols, 2022;Qaim, 2017;. In this brief review therefore we concentrate only on a special aspect, namely, the standardisation (also called "evaluation") of nuclear data of those five radionuclides.…”