Status of the AWE Hydrus IVA fabrication

Thomas, K.J.; Beech, P; Brown, S. L.; Buck, John A.; Burscough, J; Clough, S.G.; Crotch, I.; Duffy, Joseph William; Goes, C.; Huckle, I; Jones, Aled; King, Adrian; Stringer, Billy R.; Threadgold, J.; Trenaman, S; Wheeldon, R; Woodroofe, M; Carboni, V.; DaSilva, T.; Galver, B; Glazebrook, W.; Hanzel, K.; Pearce, J.; Pham, John; Pomeroy, S.C.; Saunders, William; Spelts, D.; Warren, T.; Whitney, B.; Wilson, J.; Schmit, S

doi:10.1109/ppc.2011.6191639

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To obtain better uniformity of feed currents, it is usually necessary to optimize the profiles of azimuthal lines, and to choose some appropriate connection configurations between the azimuthal lines and the cathode plates [3], [5], [7], [12], [13]. However, this will increase the azimuthal impedance and azimuthal transit time, conflicting with reducing azimuthal line inductance mentioned previously.…”

Section: B Analysis Of Two Operating Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azimuthal Transmission Lines for Inductive Voltage Adders With Four PFLs Driving Simultaneously or Separately

Wei

Sun

Qiu

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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In this paper, an inductive cell driven by four pulse forming lines (PFLs), capable of operating at two modes to create a single pulse or four separate pulses, is proposed. A single hardware configuration of azimuthal lines must meet the different requirements of the two operating modes. The optimizations and tradeoffs of azimuthal lines for these two modes are presented. Four candidate azimuthal line configurations that are compatible with either mode are proposed. The cell output voltage and azimuthal uniformity of feed currents are simulated, respectively. The simulation results indicate that the cylinder azimuthal line with four equidistant tabs connected to the cathode palates is the most suitable configuration. As the input pulses are 1000 kV and 25-ns rise time, at the mode with four PFLs driving simultaneously, the cell would produce a pulse with a peak of 865 kV and a rise time of 46 ns into 1.5-load. Meanwhile, it could create four separate pulses of 980 kV and 32-ns rise time into 5-load with each PFL driving separately. In this case, the azimuthally asymmetric coefficient is calculated to be 25.6%. In addition, the voltage of undriven ports, i.e., the voltage applied across the separating switches, is estimated to be about 1150 kV. Index Terms-Azimuthal transmission line, magnetically insulated inductive voltage adders (MIVAs), pulse forming line (PFL),separating switch, symmetrizing current flow.

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Section: B Analysis Of Two Operating Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azimuthal Transmission Lines for Inductive Voltage Adders With Four PFLs Driving Simultaneously or Separately

Wei

Sun

Qiu

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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“…Finally, a large IVA accelerator for radiography called Merlin is presently under construction for the AWE Hydrus facility [55]. The Merlin IVA will be able to deliver 7.5 MV to a 40 Ω diode in a 60 ns pulse.…”

Section: Pulsed Power Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Beam Radiography

Peach

Ekdahl

2013

Rev. Accl. Sci. Tech.

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Particle beam radiography, which uses a variety of particle probes (neutrons, protons, electrons, gammas and potentially other particles) to study the structure of materials and objects noninvasively, is reviewed, largely from an accelerator perspective, although the use of cosmic rays (mainly muons but potentially also high-energy neutrinos) is briefly reviewed. Tomography is a form of radiography which uses multiple views to reconstruct a three-dimensional density map of an object. There is a very wide range of applications of radiography and tomography, from medicine to engineering and security, and advances in instrumentation, specifically the development of electronic detectors, allow rapid analysis of the resultant radiographs. Flash radiography is a diagnostic technique for large high-explosive-driven hydrodynamic experiments that is used at many laboratories. The bremsstrahlung radiation pulse from an intense relativistic electron beam incident onto a high-Z target is the source of these radiographs. The challenge is to provide radiation sources intense enough to penetrate hundreds of g/cm 2 of material, in pulses short enough to stop the motion of high-speed hydrodynamic shocks, and with source spots small enough to resolve fine details. The challenge has been met with a wide variety of accelerator technologies, including pulsed-power-driven diodes, air-core pulsed betatrons and high-current linear induction accelerators. Accelerator technology has also evolved to accommodate the experimenters' continuing quest for multiple images in time and space. Linear induction accelerators have had a major role in these advances, especially in providing multiple-time radiographs of the largest hydrodynamic experiments.

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“…An induction voltage adder (IVA) is widely used for many applications including flash radiography [1,2], detection of fissile material [3,4] and gamma-ray simulation [5]. Presently, many IVAs are being operated or built around the world such as Hermes III [6], Saber [7], Mercury [8], Radiographic Integrated Test Stand (RITS) [9][10][11], Cygnus [12] in U.S., Hydrus [13] in Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) in U.K. and Jianguang accelerator [14] in Northeast Institute of Nuclear Technology (NINT) in China for various research aims. The most powerful IVA machine to date is Hermes III which could deliver 20 MV, 750 kA, 40 ns pulse to the diode [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling power flow in the induction cavity with a two dimensional circuit simulation

Guo

Zou

Gong

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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We have proposed a two dimensional (2D) circuit model of induction cavity. The oil elbow and azimuthal transmission line are modeled with one dimensional transmission line elements, while 2D transmission line elements are employed to represent the regions inward the azimuthal transmission line. The voltage waveforms obtained by 2D circuit simulation and transient electromagnetic simulation are compared, which shows satisfactory agreement. The influence of impedance mismatch on the power flow condition in the induction cavity is investigated with this 2D circuit model. The simulation results indicate that the peak value of load voltage approaches the maximum if the azimuthal transmission line roughly matches the pulse forming section. The amplitude of output transmission line voltage is strongly influenced by its impedance, but the peak value of load voltage is insensitive to the actual output transmission line impedance. When the load impedance raises, the voltage across the dummy load increases, and the pulse duration at the oil elbow inlet and insulator stack regions also slightly increase.

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Status of the AWE Hydrus IVA fabrication

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Azimuthal Transmission Lines for Inductive Voltage Adders With Four PFLs Driving Simultaneously or Separately

Azimuthal Transmission Lines for Inductive Voltage Adders With Four PFLs Driving Simultaneously or Separately

Particle Beam Radiography

Modeling power flow in the induction cavity with a two dimensional circuit simulation

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