Status of the AMANDA and BAIKAL neutrino telescopes

Askebjer, P.; Barwick, S. W.; Bay, R.; Bergström, Lars; Bouchta, A.; Carius, Staffan; Dahlberg, E.; Engel, K.; Erlandsson, B.; Goobar, A.; Gray, L.; Hallgren, A.; Halzen, F.; Heukenkamp, H.; Hulth, P. O.; Hundertmark, S.; Jacobsen, J.; Johansson, Sverker; Kandhadai, V.; Karle, A.; Liubarsky, I.; Lowder, D. M.; Mikolajski, T.; Miller, Tim; Mock, P. C.; Morse, R.; Nygren, D. R.; Porrata, R.; Price, P. B.; Richards, A.; Rubinstein, H.R.; Schneider, E.; Streicher, O.; Sun, Q.; Thon, T.; Tilav, S.; Walck, C.; Wiebusch, C. H.; Wischnewski, R.; Yodh, G.; Белолаптиков, И. А.; Bezrukov, L.; Borisovets, B. A.; Budnev, N. M.; Chensky, A. G.; Danilchenko, I. A.; Djilkibaev, Zh. A. M.; Dobrynin, V. I.; Domogatsky, G. V.; Дорошенко, А. А.; Fialkovsky, S.V.; Гапоненко, O. Н.; Garus, A. A.; Gress, T.; Ignat'ev, S. B.; Klabukov, A. M.; Klimov, A. I.; Klimushin, S. I.; Кошечкин, А. П.; Kulepov, V.F.; Kuzmichev, L. A.; Лубсандоржиев, Б.; Milenin, M.B.; Миргазов, Р. Р.; Мороз, А. В.; Moseiko, N. I.; Никифоров, С. А.; Osipova, E.; Pandel, D.; Панфилов, А. И.; Parfenov, Yu. V.; Pavlov, A. A.; Петухов, Д. П.; Pocheikin, K. A.; Pokhil, P. G.; Pokolev, P. A.; Rosanov, M.; Rubzov, V.Yu.; Sinegovsky, S. I.; Sokalski, I. A.; Spiering, C.; Tarashansky, B.

doi:10.1016/s0920-5632(96)00900-0

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

1997

DOI: 10.1016/s0920-5632(96)00900-0

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Status of the AMANDA and BAIKAL neutrino telescopes

P. Askebjer¹,

S. W. Barwick²,

R. Bay³

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Koci (6) modeled the temperature vs depth at South Pole, using the known surface temperature of -55 C and fixing the temperature at bedrock at the pressure melting temperature. In situ measurements (7) by AMANDA at depths from 800 to 1000 m gave temperatures that agreed with Koci's model to within 0.3 C.…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

“…Based on the measurements on bubbles at Vostok and Byrd, can we predict the concentration of bubbles as a function of depth in ice at the South Pole? The last question is of great importance to the AMANDA project (14,15), which involves implanting long strings of large photomultiplier tubes at great depths in South Pole ice in order to detecť Cerenkov light from muons produced in high-energy neutrino interactions. Only if the array is located in bubble-free ice can the direction of a muon be precisely determined by measuring the arrival times of thě Cerenkov wavefront at each of the phototubes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To show this I carried out a diffusion calculation that takes into account the time and temperature as a function of depth for the Vostok and Byrd sites. I converted depth to time for each core using age vs depth data in (7). I assumed that there is no nucleation barrier and that the long time-scale for the disappearance of bubbles is due to slow diffusion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With D 0 as a fitting parameter, I found that D 0 = 2100 cm 2 s −1 gave acceptable fits to both the Vostok data and the Byrd data (9) on bubble concentration as a function of depth. (15). The curves show the results of applying the diffusion model to the three sets of data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of Conversion of Air Bubbles to Air Hydrate Crystals in Antarctic Ice

Price¹

1995

Science

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The depth dependence of bubble concentration at pressures above the transition to the air hydrate phase and the optical scattering length due to bubbles in deep ice at the South Pole are modeled with diffusion-growth data from the laboratory, taking into account the dependence of age and temperature on depth in the ice. The model fits the available data on bubbles in cores from Vostok and Byrd and on scattering length in deep ice at the South Pole. It explains why bubbles and air hydrate crystals coexist in deep ice over a range of depths as great as 800 meters and predicts that at depths below approximately 1400 meters the AMANDA neutrino observatory at the South Pole will operate unimpaired by light scattering from bubbles.

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supporting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of Conversion of Air Bubbles to Air Hydrate Crystals in Antarctic Ice

Price¹

1995

Science

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The bremsstrahlung of muons at extremely high energies with LPM and dielectric suppression effect

Polityko

Takahashi

Katô

et al. 2001

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Muon cross-sections with both the LPM effect and the Ter-Mikayelyan effect at extremely high energies

Polityko

Takahashi

Katô

et al. 2002

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Differential and integral muon cross-sections are calculated in water, standard rock, iron and lead, with and without the LPM effect. The corresponding cross-sections are also calculated with the dielectric suppression effect (Ter-Mikayelyan effect), in addition to the LPM effect. In our calculations the LPM effect for muons is significant from 1014 eV to 1022 eV, depending on the material, for bremsstrahlung, while it is completely negligible in the direct pair production process up to 1022 eV even for lead. The dielectric suppression effect is only important between 1012 eV and 1020 eV in the case with the LPM effect, while it is significant above 1012 eV in the case without the LPM effect.

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Status of the AMANDA and BAIKAL neutrino telescopes

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Kinetics of Conversion of Air Bubbles to Air Hydrate Crystals in Antarctic Ice

Kinetics of Conversion of Air Bubbles to Air Hydrate Crystals in Antarctic Ice

The bremsstrahlung of muons at extremely high energies with LPM and dielectric suppression effect

Muon cross-sections with both the LPM effect and the Ter-Mikayelyan effect at extremely high energies

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