Status of resistance to antimicrobial agents of &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; strains at the laboratory of microbiology of the HU-JRA Antananarivo

Andrianarivelo, Andry; Andriamandimbisoa, T.H.; Rakotondraoelina, Lalaina Mamenosoa; Ratsimbazafy, Arthur Bien Aimé; Razafimanantsoa, F.E.; Raharisoa, Annie Armandine; Rafalimanana, Christian; Rasamindrakotroka, A.

doi:10.4314/ajcem.v18i3.1

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid showed full resistance to Staphylococcus aureus (100%). This result is quite similar to that of Andrianarivelo et al in Madagascar [34]. We noted that E. coli resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, quinolones and aminoglycosides increased over the years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Yopa

Kamga

Nga

et al. 2021

MRJI

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Aims: Over the decades, antibiotic resistance has become a cross-border public health problem. This calls for the profiling of microorganisms, particularly bacteria implicated in antibiotic resistance, in order to improve clinical practice and reduce the incidence of therapeutic failure in the treatment of infectious diseases. Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was made at the bacteriology laboratory at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon during the period between January 2016 and June 2021. Methodology: All bacterial strains from the following biological fluids were included: blood, stool, urine, suppurations, probe tip and catheter tip. The antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was collected from the registers of the said laboratory. The data were encoded in Censuses and Survey Procession Software (CSPro) version 7.3 and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. Graphs and figures were made using Excel 2016 spreadsheet software. Results: A total of 1071 bacteria were enrolled in 955 patients. The age group most represented was 0-5 years (34.6%). Most of the isolates came from a blood sample. Among the isolates, Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (18.5%), Escherichia coli (17.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (14%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.2%) were the most common. A total of 1071 bacteria were enrolled in 955 patients. The age group most represented was 0-5 years (34.6%). Most of the isolates came from a blood sample. Among the isolates, Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (18.5%), Escherichia coli (17.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (14%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.2%) were the most represented. Between 2016 and 2020, almost remarkable resistance was observed to the class of penicillins (78% to 83%), cephalosporins (44% to 61%) and quinolones (43% to 100%) for Escherichia coli. For Staphylococcus aureus, resistance changes range from 68% to 77% for the penicillin class. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed an evolution ranging from 11% to 19% for aminosides. Conclusion: Although not all isolates showed a change in the level of resistance to all antibiotics that are frequently used in our study population, Nevertheless, it is important for national public health actors to establish active surveillance of antibiotic and even antimicrobial resistance and to implement a guide to the proper use of antibiotics for health professionals, and the community.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Yopa

Kamga

Nga

et al. 2021

MRJI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…All the S. aureus isolates in our study were resistant to penicillin G, which is similar to the results reported by Andrianarivelo et al, (20) (24) in Morocco. Resistance rate of S. aureus to gentamicin was 20% in our study but lower rates were reported in different studies conducted in Madagascar with 5.67% (18), Burkina Faso with 0% (25), Uganda with 0% (26) and Morocco with 2.2% (24).…”

Section: Antibiotic Profile Of Selected Mdr Bacteriasupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Resistance rate of S. aureus to gentamicin was 20% in our study but lower rates were reported in different studies conducted in Madagascar with 5.67% (18), Burkina Faso with 0% (25), Uganda with 0% (26) and Morocco with 2.2% (24). The best anti-staphylococcal activities were exhibited by chloramphenicol (100% sensitivity), clindamycin (100% sensitivity) and fusidic acid (90% sensitivity), which was in concordance with results from studies conducted in Burkina Faso (25) and Madagascar (20).…”

Section: Antibiotic Profile Of Selected Mdr Bacteriasupporting

confidence: 90%

Profile of multidrug-resistant clinical bacterial isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder (NHZ), Niger Republic in 2021

Abdoulaye¹,

Bacha²,

Aghali³

et al. 2022

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Background: Today, bacterial resistance is a public health challenge throughout the world, and infections caused by resistant bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and health care costs. The objective of this descriptive study is to determine the prevalence and distribution of multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical bacteria isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder, Niger Republic in 2021.Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of in- and out-patients from whose clinical samples’ bacteria were isolated at the bacteriology unit of the laboratory. Bacteria were isolated from the clinical samples following standard aerobic cultures and identified using conventional biochemical test schemes. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was performed by the agar disk diffusion technique, and categorization of the isolates into sensitive, intermediate or resistant was done according to the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM) 2020 version 1.2. MDR was defined as resistance to at least one antibiotic in three or more categories, while selected MDR bacteria such as ESBL was identified using double disk synergy test, and MRSA by cefoxitin disk diffusion test.Results: Seventy-seven (6.7%) bacterial species were isolated from 1153 clinical samples processed at the bacteriology unit of the hospital laboratory between June and December 2021, of which 65.0% (50/77) were members of the order Enterobacteriales. Escherichia coli represented 40.3% (40/77) of the isolated bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus 13.0% (10/77) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11.7% (9/77). The overall prevalence of MDR was 44.2% (34/77), including 61.8% (21/34) ESBL-producing Enterobacteriales (ESBL-E), 26.5% (9/34) multi-resistant P. aeruginosa and 11.7% (4/34) MRSA, with 67.6% (23/34) of the MDR isolates from outpatients. Resistance rates of the Enterobacteriales to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin and imipenem were 62.0%, 52.0%, 38.0% and 8.0% respectively. Resistance rates of P. aeruginosa were 100.0%, 88.9%, 77.8%, 33.3%, 22.2%, and 22.2% respectively to ceftazidime, ticarcillin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and amikacin. Resistance rates of S. aureus were 100.0%, 50.0%, 40.0%, 10.0%, 0% and 0% to penicillin G, erythromycin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, fusidic acid, and chloramphenicol respectively. ESBL-E were 47.6%, 85.7% and 0% resistant to amikacin, ciprofloxacin and imipenem, and MRSA resistance rates were 75.0%, 75.0%, 50.0% and 0% to erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol respectively.Conclusion: This study reports high prevalence of MDR bacteria, mainly ESBL-E, with concerning high resistance to carbapenem. Rational use of antibiotics and implementation of surveillance system for MDR bacteria must be implemented in order to limit the emergence and spread of MDR bacteria in Niger Republic. Contexte: Aujourd'hui, la résistance bactérienne est un défi de santé publique dans le monde entier, et les infections causées par des bactéries résistantes sont associées à une augmentation de la morbidité, de la mortalité et des coûts des soins de santé. L'objectif de cette étude descriptive est de déterminer la prévalence et la distribution des isolats cliniques de bactéries multirésistantes (MDR) à l'Hôpital National de Zinder,République du Niger en 2021.Méthodologie: Nous avons mené une étude transversale descriptive des patients hospitalisés et ambulatoires dont les bactéries des échantillons cliniques ont été isolées à l'unité de bactériologie du laboratoire. Les bactéries ont été isolées des échantillons cliniques à la suite de cultures aérobies standard et identifiées à l'aide de schémas de tests biochimiques conventionnels. Les antibiogrammes (AST) ont été réalisés par la technique de diffusion sur disque de gélose, et la catégorisation des isolats en sensibles, intermédiaires ou résistants a été faite selon les recommanda- tions du Comité Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie (CA-SFM) 2020 version 1.2. La MDR a été définie comme la résistance à au moins un antibiotique dans trois catégories ou plus, tandis que certaines bactéries MDR telles que les BLSE ont été identifiées à l'aide d'un test de synergie à double disque et le SARM par le test de diffusion sur disque de céfoxitine.Résultats: Soixante-dix-sept (6,7%) espèces bactériennes ont été isolées à partir de 1153 échantillons cliniques traités à l'unité de bactériologie du laboratoire hospitalier entre juin et décembre 2021, dont 65,0% (50/77) appartenaient à l'ordre des Enterobacteriales. Escherichia coli représentait 40,3% (40/77) des bactéries isolées, Staphylococcus aureus 13,0% (10/77) et Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11,7% (9/77). La prévalence globale des MDR était de 44,2% (34/77), dont 61,8% (21/34) d'Enterobacteriales productrices de BLSE (BLSE-E), 26,5% (9/34) de P. aeruginosa multirésistantes et 11,7% (4/34) SARM, avec 67,6% (23/34) des isolats de MDR provenant de patients externes. Les taux de résistance des Enterobacteriales à la ciprofloxacine, à la gentamicine, à l'amikacine et à l'imipénème étaient respectivement de 62,0%, 52,0%, 38,0% et 8,0%. Les taux de résistance de P. aeruginosa étaient respectivement de 100,0%, 88,9%, 77,8%,33,3%, 22,2% et 22,2% à la ceftazidime, à la ticarcilline, à l'imipénème, à la ciprofloxacine, à la lévofloxacine et à l'amikacine. Les taux de résistance de S. aureus étaient respectivement de 100,0%, 50,0%, 40,0%, 10,0%, 0% et 0% à la pénicilline G, à l'érythromycine, à la céfoxitine, à la tétracycline, à l'acide fusidique et au chloramphénicol. Les BLSE-E étaient de 47,6%, 85,7% et 0% de résistance à l'amikacine, à la ciprofloxacine et à l'imipénème, et les taux de résistance au SARM étaient respectivement de 75,0%, 75,0%, 50,0% et 0% à l'érythromycine, la tétracycline, la gentamicine et le chloramphénicol. Conclusion: Cette étude rapporte une prévalence élevée de bactéries MDR, principalement des BLSE-E, avec une résistance élevée aux carbapénèmes. L'utilisation rationnelle des antibiotiques et la mise en place d'un système de surveillance des bactéries MDR doivent être mises en oeuvre afin de limiter l'émergence et la propagation des bactéries MDR en République du Niger.

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Status of resistance to antimicrobial agents of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strains at the laboratory of microbiology of the HU-JRA Antananarivo

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Profile of multidrug-resistant clinical bacterial isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder (NHZ), Niger Republic in 2021

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