Status of oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Aim: To assess the oxidative stress status in rheumatoid arthritis by measuring markers of free radical production, systemic activity of disease, free radical mediated tissue destruction and levels of antioxidant. Methods:Peripheral blood samples were used for all the assays. Total nitric oxide (NO) was quantitatively measured using immunoassay kit. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin E were measured by spectrophotometric methods.Results: Statistically significant changes were observed in the levels of MDA, vitamin E, total NO and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in the patient group. Significant differences were also observed in ESR and vitamin E levels in patients with active disease. Conclusions:Increased oxidative stress status exists, which may lead to connective tissue degradation leading to joint and periarticular deformities in rheumatoid arthritis.

Free Radicals: Properties, Sources, Targets, and Their Implication in Various Diseases

“…production by articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts and elevated levels of NO . are observed in the serum and synovial fluid of RA patients [190]. The free radicals, particularly NO and O 2…”

Plasma metabonomics study of rheumatoid arthritis and its Chinese medicine subtypes by using liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry

“…Additionally, we also observed the significantly higher levels of saturated and mono-unsaturated PC but lower levels of polyunsaturated PC and polyunsaturated PE in the RA group compared with the healthy group. Studies have demonstrated the presence of oxidative stress in RA [23][24][25] and the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production could disturb the redox status, damage macromolecules and exacerbate inflammation. 26,27 The primary targets of ROS are double bonds in polyunsaturated fatty acids in the membrane phospholipids, 27,28 which make the cell membrane change in fluidity and permeability, and finally lead to the changes in cell structure and function.…”

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“…The symptoms of RA, such as joint swelling, pain, stiffness, and other complications, may hamper the physical training and reduce physical fitness [30,31]. Chronic inflammation and destruction of the joints result in deformities that also exacerbate the inactivity in the patients with RA [27]. This makes a vicious cycle in which the inactivity resulted in decreased muscular balance and joint deformity that in turn causes pain and disability.…”