Status of Nesting Ferruginous Hawks in the Little Lost River Valley and Vicinity, Southeastern Idaho

The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Ferruginous Hawk (<i>Buteo regalis</i>)

“…Ferruginous Hawks prefer open grasslands and shrubsteppe communities. They use native and tame grasslands, pastures, hayland, cropland, deserts, riparian areas, irrigated agriculture, and shrubsteppe (Stewart, 1975;Woffinden, 1975;Powers and Craig, 1976;Fitzner, and others, 1977;Blair, 1978;Wakeley, 1978;Johnsgard, 1979;Lardy, 1980;Schmidt, 1981;Gilmer and Stewart, 1983;Green and Morrison, 1983; Konrad and Gilmer, 1986;Kimsey and Conley, 1988;MacLaren and others, 1988;Roth and Marzluff, 1989;Bechard and others, 1990;Black, 1992;Niemuth, 1992;Faanes and Lingle, 1995;Houston, 1995;Zelenak and Rotella, 1997;Leary and others, 1998;McConnell and others, 2008;Ng and others, 2017). Ferruginous Hawks usually occupy rolling or rugged terrain (Blair, 1978;Gilmer and Stewart, 1983;Black, 1992;Keough and Conover, 2012).…”

Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Ferruginous Hawk

“…Ferruginous Hawk density and productivity are closely associated with cycles of prey abundance (Woffinden 1975;Powers and Craig 1976;Murphy 1978, Smith et al 1981;Gilmer and Stewart 1983;Houston and Bechard 1984;White and Thurow 1985;Palmer 1988;Schmutz 1989Schmutz , 1991aSchmutz and Hungle 1989;Bechard and Schmutz 1995). Mammals are the primary prey during the breeding season, although birds, amphibians, reptiles, and insects also are taken (Weston 1968, Howard 1975, Fitzner et al 1977, Blair 1978, Smith and Murphy 1978, Gilmer and Stewart 1983, Palmer 1988, De Smet and Conrad 1991, Atkinson 1992.…”

“…), followed by ground squirrels and pocket gophers Murphy 1978, Bechard andSchmutz 1995). White-tailed (Cynomys leucurus) and black-tailed prairie dogs also serve as prey items (Powers and Craig 1976, MacLaren et al 1988, Hansen 1994.…”

“…Ferruginous Hawks prefer open grasslands and shrubsteppe communities. They use native and tame grasslands, pastures, hayland, cropland, and shrubsteppe (Stewart 1975, Woffinden 1975, Powers and Craig 1976, Fitzner et al 1977, Blair 1978, Wakeley 1978, Lardy 1980, Schmidt 1981, Gilmer and Stewart 1983, Green and Morrison 1983, Konrad and Gilmer 1986, MacLaren et al 1988, Palmer 1988, Roth and Marzluff 1989, Bechard et al 1990, Black 1992, Leslie 1992, Niemuth 1992, Bechard and Schmutz 1995, Faanes and Lingle 1995, Houston 1995, Zelenak and Rotella 1997, Leary et al 1998. Ferruginous Hawks usually occupy rolling or rugged terrain (Blair 1978, Palmer 1988, Black 1992.…”

Nesting Behavior, Provisioning Rates, and Parental Roles of Ferruginous Hawks in New Mexico

“…Although several authors (Woffinden 1975, Oakleaf 1976, Powers and Craig 1976, Evans 1982, Schmutz 1984, 1987a, 1987b, Bechard et al 1986, Moore 1987, Smith 1987, Call 1988, Woffinden and Murphy 1989, Herron 1989, Ure et al 1991) suggest a range-wide decrease in breeding distribution and abundance, none have provided an estimate of percent range-wide declines.…”