Status of maize lethal necrosis disease in seed production system in Kenya

Eunice, Joyce; Miano, Douglas Watuku; W.M, Muiru; Mutitu, Eunice; Macharia, Isaac

doi:10.1080/23311932.2021.1918406

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…(2018) mapped MCMV tolerance QTL in growth chamber experiments that were independently validated in field experiments (Murithi et al., 2021). Whereas we are unable to grow maize to maturity in the growth chamber, early‐stage disease infection has the highest impact on plant yield, and there is little difference in MLN incidence or severity among different maize growth stages under field conditions (Eunice et al., 2021). Based on these considerations, the MCMV tolerance loci reported in this study would likely be significant in the field as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping maize chlorotic mottle virus tolerance loci in the Maize 282 Association Panel

Ohlson

Redinbaugh²,

Jones

2022

Crop Science

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Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a devastating synergistic viral disease of maize caused by maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) plus a virus in the Potyviridae family. The disease has severely impacted maize production in East Africa, Asia, and South America over the past decade, and the presence of MCMV and maize infecting potyviruses in the United States is an ongoing concern. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the Maize 282 Association Mapping Panel (AMP) to characterize the genetic architecture of host response to MCMV and to identify disease-tolerant lines. The GWAS analysis detected genomic variants on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, and 8 that were significantly associated with response to MCMV. Several lines in the 282 AMP were highly tolerant to infection, including CML333, one of the parental lines used in the maize nested association mapping population. Quantitative trait locus analysis of the B73 × CML333 recombinant inbred line population revealed an MCMV tolerance locus on chromosome 10. These findings further our understanding of the genetic architecture of MCMV tolerance and will facilitate the development of maize lines, hybrids, and cultivars with improved resistance to MLN and MCMV. INTRODUCTIONMaize lethal necrosis (MLN), also referred to as corn lethal necrosis, is one of the most devastating viral diseases of

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping maize chlorotic mottle virus tolerance loci in the Maize 282 Association Panel

Ohlson

Redinbaugh²,

Jones

2022

Crop Science

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“…4 ) is a disease of maize that was first reported in Peru in 1973 and then in USA in 1976 ( Hutchens, 1978 ). It is a viral disease caused by the synergistic interaction of Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus (MCMV) and any of the viruses belonging to the potyviridae family ( Eunice et al, 2021 ). The first report on MLN in the African continent was in Kenya in 2012 ( Wangai et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Survey Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Major biotic stresses affecting maize production in Kenya and their implications for food security

Njeru,

Wambua,

Muge

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple food for many households in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and also contributes to the gross domestic product (GDP). However, the maize yields reported in most SSA countries are very low and this is mainly attributed to biotic and abiotic stresses. These stresses have been exacerbated by climate change which has led to long periods of drought or heavy flooding and the emergence of new biotic stresses. Few reports exist which compile the biotic stresses affecting maize production in SSA. Here, five major biotic stresses of maize in Kenya are presented which are attributed to high yield losses. They include Maize lethal necrosis, fall armyworm, gray leaf spot, turcicum leaf blight and desert locusts. Maize lethal necrosis and fall armyworm are new biotic stresses to the Kenyan maize farmer while gray leaf spot, and turcicum leaf blight are endemic to the region. The invasion by the desert locusts is speculated to be caused by climate change. The biotic stresses cause a reduction in maize yield of 30–100% threatening food security. Therefore, this review focuses on the cause, control measures employed to control these diseases and future prospective. There should be deliberate efforts from the government and researchers to control biotic stresses affecting maize yields as the effect of these stresses is being exacerbated by the changing climate.

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“…Disease management may differ between optimal and sub-optimal areas: such as for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) in banana cultivation (Teixeira et al, 2021), maize lethal necrosis (MLN) and maize seed productions systems in different agro-ecological zones (Eunice et al, 2021) (Electronic Supporting Information, S5).…”

Section: Implications For Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Can Be Learnt by a Synoptic Review of Plant Disease Epidemics and Outbreaks Published in 2021

Jeger¹,

Fielder²,

Beale³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A synoptic review of plant disease epidemics and outbreaks was made using two complementary approaches. The first approach involved reviewing scientific literature published in 2021, in which quantitative data related to new plant disease epidemics or outbreaks were obtained via surveys or similar methodologies. The second approach involved retrieving new records added in 2021 to the CABI Distribution Database, which contains over a million global geographic records of organisms from over 50,000 species. The literature review retrieved 186 articles, describing studies in 62 categories (pathogen species/species complexes) across >40 host species on 6 continents. Pathogen species with >5 articles were: Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, cassava mosaic viruses, citrus tristeza virus, Erwinia amylovora, Fusarium spp. complexes, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Magnaporthe oryzae, maize lethal necrosis co-infecting viruses, Meloidogyne spp. complexes, Pseudomonas syringae pvs, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Xylella fastidiosa, and Zymoseptoria tritici. Automated searches of the CABI Distribution Database identified 617 distribution records new in 2021 of 283 plant pathogens. A further manual review of these records confirmed 15 pathogens reported in new locations: apple hammerhead viroid, apple rubbery wood viruses, Aphelenchoides besseyi, Biscogniauxia mediterranea, Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, citrus tristeza virus, Colletotrichum siamense, cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, Erwinia rhapontici, Erysiphe corylacearum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4, Globodera rostochiensis, Nothophoma quercina, potato spindle tuber viroid, and tomato brown rugose fruit virus. Of these, 4 pathogens had at least 25% of all records reported in 2021. We assessed two of these pathogens – tomato brown rugose fruit virus and cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus – to be actively emerging in/spreading to new locations. Although three important pathogens – Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, citrus tristeza virus and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense – were represented in the results of both our literature review and our interrogation of the CABI Distribution Database, in general our dual approaches revealed distinct sets of plant disease outbreaks and new records, with little overlap.

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Status of maize lethal necrosis disease in seed production system in Kenya

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Mapping maize chlorotic mottle virus tolerance loci in the Maize 282 Association Panel

Mapping maize chlorotic mottle virus tolerance loci in the Maize 282 Association Panel

Major biotic stresses affecting maize production in Kenya and their implications for food security

What Can Be Learnt by a Synoptic Review of Plant Disease Epidemics and Outbreaks Published in 2021

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