Status of Light Ion Inertial Fusion Research at NRL

Cooperstein, G.; Ottinger, P. F.; Goldstein, Shyke A.; Barker, R.J.; Colombant, D.; Meger, R. A.; Neri, J. M.; Mosher, D.; Sandel, F. L.; Stephanakis, S. J.; Young, F.C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7332-6_58

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Lovelace [148] has criticized the energy principle calculation on the grounds that L z , the system angular momentum, is not constant but is governed by (6. 19)…”

Section: Development Of Generalized Energy Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This puts an extraordinary demand on the ion source and although present-day ion diodes and pulsed-power machines (see, e.g. Refs [18][19][20]) are capable of providing this amount of ion charge per pulse, particular care must be exercised to optimize the injection ' efficiency. Employing a 1-TW pulsed-power machine, GAMBLE II, at the Naval Research Laboratory, Kapetanakos et al [21 ] were successful in creating a transient (~ 30 ns) field reversal by injecting a pulse of ions through a magnetic cusp.…”

Section: Introduction 1historical Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field-reversed configurations with a component of energetic particles

Finn¹,

Sudan²

1982

Nucl. Fusion

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This review is concerned with the physics of field-reversed configurations created by energetic particles of large orbits, of which the earliest example is the Astron. The Astron concept has evolved into the Ion Ring Compressor in which a low-energy ring of ions is magnetically compressed to high energy for heating the confined plasma to thermonuclear ignition. A third version is the hybrid in which field reversal is created both by plasma currents as in a θ-pinch or a spheromak and a component of energetic large orbit ions to provide heating energy as well as improved stability. This paper treats first the injection, trapping, and formation of electron and ion rings from a theoretical standpoint as well as presenting the principal experimental results. The equilibria and the characteristics of the particle orbits are discussed in some detail including conditions under which the orbits cease to be integrable and pass to a stochastic description. The theory of magnetic compression of rings and the classical transport of heat and particles of the plasma confined in the closed-poloidal-field-line region is presented. The bulk of the review is concerned with low-frequency stability of such configurations by means of a generalized energy principle for treating the large-orbit particles in the Vlasov limit. The pathology of all possible unstable modes is discussed at some length. We conclude with an exhaustive survey of microinstabilities driven by the energetic particle current for a special model and conclude that most of them are stabilized by strong gradients in density and magnetic field. A brief discussion on drift modes follows. Our present theoretical understanding of these systems, although still incomplete in some respects, nevertheless leads to the view that the promise of the very favourable features of fusion reactors based on these concepts is a sufficient impetus for their continued experimental and theoretical study.

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“…Lovelace [148] has criticized the energy principle calculation on the grounds that L z , the system angular momentum, is not constant but is governed by (6. 19)…”

Section: Development Of Generalized Energy Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1historical Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-reversed configurations with a component of energetic particles

Finn¹,

Sudan²

1982

Nucl. Fusion

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Inertial confinement fusion driven by intense ion beams

Deutsch

1986

Ann. Phys. Fr.

137

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Particle-in-cell simulations of ion dynamics in a pinched-beam diode

et al. 2022

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Particle-in-cell simulations of a 1.6 MV, 800 kA, and 50 ns pinched-beam diode have been completed with emphasis placed on the quality of the ion beams produced. Simulations show the formation of multiple regions in the electron beam flow characterized by locally high charge and current density (“hot spots”). As ions flow through the electron-space-charge cloud, these hot spots electrostatically attract ions to produce a non-uniform ion current distribution. The length of the cavity extending beyond the anode-to-cathode gap (i.e., behind the cathode tip) influences both the number and amplitude of hot spots. A longer cavity length increases the number of hot spots yet significantly reduces the amplitude producing a smoother, more uniform ion beam than for shorter cavities. The net current and the ion bending angles are also significantly smaller with long cavities.

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Status of Light Ion Inertial Fusion Research at NRL

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Field-reversed configurations with a component of energetic particles

Field-reversed configurations with a component of energetic particles

Inertial confinement fusion driven by intense ion beams

Particle-in-cell simulations of ion dynamics in a pinched-beam diode

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