Status of Indonesia's sovereign rights in the north natuna sea conflict area consequences of China's nine-dash line claim

Abstract

The existence of sovereign rights in the North Natuna Sea has begun to be disturbed since China's claim of traditional fishing rights was strengthened by the nine-dash line claim. This claim includes the North Natuna Sea area into China's territorial sea, which makes this area a conflict area. The problem in this research is the existence of traditional fishing ground rights in UNCLOS III 1982 and the impact of the nine-dash line claim on Indonesia's sovereign rights in the conflict area of ??the North Natuna Sea. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of the study explained that the 1982 UNCLOS III did not regulate traditional fishing ground, and the impact of the nine-dash line claim is very significant, as can be seen from the activities of Chinese fishers in the North Natuna Sea, which are supported by Chinese coast guard vessels, which have disrupted Indonesia's enjoyment of its sovereign rights. Thus, it can be concluded that the traditional fishing ground rights with the nine-dash line claim are not based on international law but are only based on China's unilateral claims and create conflicts that impact Indonesia.

Integration of ASEAN Way Principles in Negotiations for The ASEAN-China Code of Conduct for Creating Stability of The Southeast Asia Region

“…The LTS area according to the provisions of UNCLOS 1982 is in several forms of jurisdiction, including international waters and territorial waters controlled by China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia. [5] The LTS area has strategic value in economic, political and maritime transportation aspects. LTS is the second busiest sea waterway in the world.…”

“…[4] The claim of an imaginary line that stretches to control 90% of the SCS is based on a 1949 traditional Chinese map made after World War II. [5] According to China's claim, North Natuna, which in the provisions of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is part of Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), is included as an integral part of its territory, along with a number of territorial areas of other Southeast Asian countries. [6] The bilateral conflict between Indonesia and China over North Natuna is part of the struggle for territory with very high economic potential for natural resources.…”

“…Repeated patrols by Chinese Cost Guard (TCG) ships have created instability in maritime areas and disrupted Indonesia's access to exploration and exploitation of natural resources in North Natuna. [5] This condition requires immediate movement to create long-term conflict resolution.…”

“…The protracted political-security diplomacy between ASEAN-China and between Southeast Asian countries and China shows the importance of ASEAN solidification to use the association as a single forum for resolving disputes in the North Natuna conflict. [5] ASEAN has so far transformed from an economic-political cooperation organization into a multi-sector organization that encourages growth and creates regional stability in an integral and comprehensive manner. The ASEAN Political-Security Community (APSC), which is oriented to be the main forum for collective decision-making to create security stability in the Southeast Asia region, especially the SCS, is targeted to complete its formation in 2025.…”

Modeling of water temperature in evaporation pot with 7 Ds18b20 sensors based on Atmega328 microcontroller

“…The LCD I2C module sends data to the LCD which will display the temperature data. The data displayed on the LCD shows the measured temperature results (Hsu, 2003;Fernandes et al, 2021;Jackman, 2020).…”