Status of ECR ion sources for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) (invited)

Machicoane, G.; Félice, H.; Fogleman, Jesse; Hafalia, R.; Morgan, G.R.; Pan, Heng; Prestemon, S.; Pozdeyev, E.; Rao, Xing; Ren, Haitao; Tobos, L.

doi:10.1063/1.4939643

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…To enhance availability and maintainability, the ECR sources and their charge selection systems are located at the ground level in the support building about 10 m above the linac tunnel floor, as shown in figure 3. The superconducting high-power source is based on the VENUS source developed at LBNL [4]. The room-temperature ARTEMIS source [5] will be used primarily for the commissioning and initial operation.…”

Section: Front Endmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simulations were done with high statistics under realistic conditions including all types of errors and misalignments using the IMPACT [12] and TRACK [13] codes on high performance computers. The end-to-end simulation started with a "realistic" distribution restored from emittance measurements of the uranium beam extracted from the VENUS ion source [4]. The "realistic" distribution of two-charge-state uranium is then tracked through the Front End and LS1.…”

Section: End-to-end Particle Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy ion beam physics at Facility for Rare Isotope Beams

et al. 2020

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A: The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) will be the world's premier rare-isotope beam facility. Experiments with the majority (∼ 80%) of the isotope predicted to exist will become available. The FRIB facility is based on a superconducting (SC) heavy ion linac with output energy above 200 MeV/u for any ions at beam power of 400 kW. FRIB includes a target facility for in-flight production of rare isotopes. A three-stage fragment separator will be used to prepare fast rare isotope beams with high-purity for nuclear physics experiments. The installation work of the accelerator and experimental systems is approaching completion and multi-stage beam commissioning activities started in summer 2017 with expected project completion in early 2022. The commencement of operation for users' experiments is planned immediately following the project completion. K: Beam dynamics; Acceleration cavities and superconducting magnets (high-temperature superconductor; radiation hardened magnets; normal-conducting; permanent magnet devices; wigglers and undulators); Hardware and accelerator control systems; Instrumentation for radioactive beams (fragmentation devices; fragment and isotope, separators incl. ISOL; isobar separators; ion and atom traps; weak-beam diagnostics; radioactive-beam ion sources)

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Section: Front Endmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: End-to-end Particle Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy ion beam physics at Facility for Rare Isotope Beams

et al. 2020

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“…1 and 2. While the linac tunnel is located about 10 m below the ground level for radiation shielding, its front end with two Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion sources [2] is located on the ground level. This layout allows us to develop the next ion beam with an ion source while the other is providing the beam for user operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beam Commissioning Status and Future Plans of FRIB

Ikegami

Bonofiglio

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 3rd J-Parc Symposium (J-Parc2019)

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The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is a high power heavy ion accelerator facility presently under construction and commissioning at Michigan State University in USA. Its driver linac is designed to accelerate all stable ions to energies above 200 MeV/u with beam power of up to 400 kW. For the FRIB linac, phased commissioning of 7 phases is adopted and the beam commissioning of upstream segments have been started since 2017 in parallel with the construction in downstream segments. The beam commissioning for 3 of 7 phases have been completed successfully. At the third phase of beam commissioning, four ion species of Ar, Ne, Kr, and Xe have been accelerated to a higher energy than 20 MeV/u with 15 Quarter Wave Resonator (QWR) cryomodules. At this stage, the FRIB linac has become the world's highest energy Continuous Wave (CW) hadron linac. At the next phase of beam commissioning scheduled after the readiness review in March 2020, we aim at accelerating these heavy ion beams to about 200 MeV/u using the 15 QWR cryomodules and 24 Half Wave Resonator (HWR) cryomodules. Operations for scientific users and beam power ramp up towards 400 kW are expected to start as planned in 2022. In parallel with the commissioning, research and development for future upgrades are also progressing.

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“…Vanadium-48 would be useful as a radiotracer for nitrogen fixation studies in plants, 48 Cr is needed as a precursor for generating isotopically pure 48 V for stockpile stewardship studies, and 52 Fe would be useful as a positron-emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for both medicine and plant sciences. The FRIB heavy-ion beam begins at the front end (Figure 3) with a Super Conducting Electron Cyclotron Resonance (SC-ECR) ion source operating at 28 GHz [12].…”

Section: Facility For Rare Isotope Beams (Frib)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of radioisotopes in the beam dump loop at FRIB can be approximated using the software developed by scientists at Michigan State University called LISE++ [39]. The number of lanthanide particles produced with a routine 200 MeV/nucleon 238 U beam after 1 week of operation is approximately 1x10 12 to 1x10 15 particles of each isotope (Figure 61). For the specific isotope 177 Lu (which is readily available at MURR), the maximum yield of particles occurs with a 186 W beam, which produces 8.5x10 14 particles (Figure 62) per week of operation.…”

Section: Calculated Lutetium Production At Fribmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotope harvesting from the beam dump cooling loop at the facility for rare isotope beams (FRIB)

Scott¹

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Isotope harvesting from the beam dump cooling loop of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) offers usable quantities of many isotopes unavailable anywhere else in the world. Many of these co-produced isotopes are of significant interest for research in biomedicine, energy, environmental studies, and materials science, and yet they are destined for disposal. One option for retrieval of these rare isotopes is harvesting from the spent mixed-bed resin in a batch collection mode. Alternatively, Hollow Fiber Supported Liquid Membrane (HFSLM) extraction poses a method of quickly retrieving these rare isotopes while overcoming the challenges associated with the beam dump environment: ultra-trace concentrations (ppt), high flow rates (4-6 L/s), neutral pH environment (6-7), vast mixture of elements, and a high radiation environment (1.3 kGy/hr). After one to two years of operation, the two 50-gallon resin tanks of Purolite NRW3460 mixed-bed resin will be hydraulically removed for transfer to storage tanks for waste shipment, at which point the isotopes will be accessible for harvesting. The lanthanides contained within this waste are of particular interest because their long half-lives and high energy density make them excellent candidates for use in nuclear batteries. 177Lu was chosen as a radiotracer to determine the feasibility of harvesting long-lived lanthanides from the mixed-bed resin. This work describes a method for high recovery of the lanthanides utilizing strong acid recirculation coupled with removal of the extracted lanthanides with an Eichrom DGA cartridge. Ninety-seven percent of dosed lanthanides were recovered from a surrogate system into only thirty milliliters of dilute acid, while utilizing approximately three column volumes of strong acid for elution. V was chosen as a radiotracer to determine the feasibility of using HFSLM extraction to remove short-lived transition metals from the beam dump loop. Part per trillion levels of 48V were successfully recovered from the aqueous feed solution spiked with chemically similar species at flow rates of 6 gallons/hour (450 mL/min.) utilizing 0.15 M Aliquat 336 in 3% dodecanol/dodecane in the HFSLM pores and 0.5 M ammonia in 0.1 M ammonium nitrate as the stripping solution. The chemical extraction efficiency from this matrix was found to be 71% in 60 minutes. This is the first ever demonstration of part per trillion level recovery with HFSLM extraction. 177Lu was chosen as a radiotracer to determine the feasibility of using HFSLM extraction to remove lanthanides from the beam dump loop. Preliminary benchtop liquid-liquid extraction tests showed successful extraction of Lu from a neutral pH feed solution with 5 mM Octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutyl- carbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) in a room temperature ionic liquid, 1-Hexyl-3methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [C6mim][Tf2N]; however, upon testing with a Liqui-Cel 1.7x10 mini module membrane contactor, it was discovered that the RTIL degraded the polycarbonate mini-module causing cracking and leaking, and no lutetium migrated to the strip solution. It is hypothesized that the high viscosity of the RTIL prevents permeation into the HFSLM pores.

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Status of ECR ion sources for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) (invited)

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Heavy ion beam physics at Facility for Rare Isotope Beams

Heavy ion beam physics at Facility for Rare Isotope Beams

Beam Commissioning Status and Future Plans of FRIB

Isotope harvesting from the beam dump cooling loop at the facility for rare isotope beams (FRIB)

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