Status of CO2 conversion using microwave plasma

Qin, Yue; Niu, Guanghui; Wang, Xu; Luo, Daibing; Duan, Yixiang

doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2018.10.003

Cited by 75 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Although this paper provides a status on the use of nonthermal plasma for CO 2 conversion, we do not aim to give a systematic review of the state-of-the-art, and we refer to recent reviews on the topic Chen et al, 2018;Puliyalil et al, 2018;Qin et al, 2018;Debek et al, 2019). Rather, we aim to give a glimpse about possibilities and issues in this area from our personal perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Technology for CO2 Conversion: A Personal Perspective on Prospects and Gaps

2020

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There is increasing interest in plasma technology for CO 2 conversion because it can operate at mild conditions and it can store fluctuating renewable electricity into value-added compounds and renewable fuels. This perspective paper aims to provide a view on the future for non-specialists who want to understand the role of plasma technology in the new scenario for sustainable and low-carbon energy and chemistry. Thus, it is prepared to give a personal view on future opportunities and challenges. First, we introduce the current state-of-the-art and the potential of plasma-based CO 2 conversion. Subsequently, we discuss the challenges to overcome the current limitations and to apply plasma technology on a large scale. The final section discusses the general context and the potential benefits of plasma-based CO 2 conversion for our life and the impact on climate change. It also includes a brief analysis on the future scenario for energy and chemical production, and how plasma technology may realize new paths for CO 2 utilization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Technology for CO2 Conversion: A Personal Perspective on Prospects and Gaps

2020

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“…From an experimental point of view, the majority of the works dedicated to conversion efficiency of CO 2 by plasma uses complex reactor configurations for which only the conversion rate α, defined as n CO /(n CO +n CO2 ), and the conversion energy efficiency η are measured. Several review papers [42][43][44][45] already compare the different plasma sources from [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]16,17] and others in terms of α and η. However, these two parameters are insufficient to gain a deep understanding of CO 2 plasma kinetics and a similar dissociation rate α can be calculated with very different kinetic schemes because of the complexity of the energy transfers taking place between excited states of CO 2 and its byproducts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in non-equilibrium $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ plasma kinetics: a theoretical and experimental review

et al. 2021

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Numerous applications have required the study of CO2 plasmas since the 1960s, from CO2 lasers to spacecraft heat shields. However, in recent years, intense research activities on the subject have restarted because of environmental problems associated with CO2 emissions. The present review provides a synthesis of the current state of knowledge on the physical chemistry of cold CO2 plasmas. In particular, the different modeling approaches implemented to address specific aspects of CO2 plasmas are presented. Throughout the paper, the importance of conducting joint experimental, theoretical and modeling studies to elucidate the complex couplings at play in CO2 plasmas is emphasized. Therefore, the experimental data that are likely to bring relevant constraints to the different modeling approaches are first reviewed. Second, the calculation of some key elementary processes obtained with semi-empirical, classical and quantum methods is presented. In order to describe the electron kinetics, the latest coherent sets of cross section satisfying the constraints of "electron swarm" analyses are introduced, and the need for self-consistent calculations for determining accurate electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is evidenced. The main findings of the latest zero-dimensional (0D) global models about the complex chemistry of CO2 and its dissociation products in different plasma discharges are then given, and full state-to-state (STS) models of only the vibrational-dissociation kinetics developed for studies of spacecraft shields are described. Finally, two important points for all applications using CO2 containing plasma are discussed: the role of surfaces in contact with the plasma, and the need for 2D/3D models to capture the main features of complex reactor geometries including effects induced by fluid dynamics on the plasma properties. In addition to bringing together the latest advances in the description of CO2 non-equilibrium plasmas, the results presented here also highlight the fundamental data that are still missing and the possible routes that still need to be investigated.

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“…An interesting review on the studies regarding the CO 2 conversion by means of microwave plasma was published in 2018 [81]. In this review, the authors analyzed the reaction mechanism and discussed the interactions between the CO 2 dissociation and operating conditions, such as input power, pressure, temperature, and gas flow.…”

Section: Co 2 Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwaves and Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Review on Selected Catalytic Processes

et al. 2020

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Since the late 1980s, the scientific community has been attracted to microwave energy as an alternative method of heating, due to the advantages that this technology offers over conventional heating technologies. In fact, differently from these, the microwave heating mechanism is a volumetric process in which heat is generated within the material itself, and, consequently, it can be very rapid and selective. In this way, the microwave-susceptible material can absorb the energy embodied in the microwaves. Application of the microwave heating technique to a chemical process can lead to both a reduction in processing time as well as an increase in the production rate, which is obtained by enhancing the chemical reactions and results in energy saving. The synthesis and sintering of materials by means of microwave radiation has been used for more than 20 years, while, future challenges will be, among others, the development of processes that achieve lower greenhouse gas (e.g., CO 2 ) emissions and discover novel energy-saving catalyzed reactions. A natural choice in such efforts would be the combination of catalysis and microwave radiation. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of microwave applications in the heterogeneous catalysis, including the preparation of catalysts, as well as explore some selected microwave assisted catalytic reactions. The review is divided into three principal topics: (i) introduction to microwave chemistry and microwave materials processing; (ii) description of the loss mechanisms and microwave-specific effects in heterogeneous catalysis; and (iii) applications of microwaves in some selected chemical processes, including the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts.A chemical process is conventionally energized by means of conductive heating with a steam boiler as a typical heat source. Nevertheless, a large variety of other forms of energy can be applied for PI, including ultrasounds (for reactions or crystal nucleation), light (in photocatalytic processes), electric fields (in extraction or for orientation of molecules), or microwaves. The microwave (dielectric) heating of materials has been known for a long time, and microwave ovens have been developed from more than 60 years. The studies by Gedye et al. in 1986 and 1988 [3,4] opened a period of very intensive investigation of the microwave effects on chemical reactions in homogeneous systems. Since then, hundreds of research papers have been published, and research has also expanded toward heterogeneous catalysis and its related chemical processes. This review gives an overview of the application of microwave technology to heterogeneous catalysis, including various chemical processes, as well as to the preparation of catalysts.

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Status of CO2 conversion using microwave plasma

Cited by 75 publications

References 68 publications

Plasma Technology for CO2 Conversion: A Personal Perspective on Prospects and Gaps

Plasma Technology for CO2 Conversion: A Personal Perspective on Prospects and Gaps

Advances in non-equilibrium $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ plasma kinetics: a theoretical and experimental review

Microwaves and Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Review on Selected Catalytic Processes

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