Status of alfalfa witches’ broom phytoplasma disease in Iran

Hosseini, S A; Khodakaramian, Gholam; Salehi, Mohammad; Fani, Seyed Reza; Yazdi, Hamidreza Bolok; Raoufi, Davood; Jadidi, Omid; Bertaccini, Assunta

doi:10.5958/2249-4677.2015.00027.4

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, these symptoms have been reported to be caused by other groups and subgroups of phytoplasma on C. argentea, that is group 16SrI in Lithuania (Samuitiene & Navalinskiene, 2006) and Iran (Aldaghi & Bertaccini, 2015); subgroup 16SrII-A in China (Chen et al, 2016); and group 16SrVI in Iran (Babaie et al, 2007). phytoplasma was firstly reported from the United States (Haskell, 1926) and then reported from different areas throughout the world (Cook & Wilton, 1985;Esmailzadeh-Hosseini et al, 2015;Graham, Fresheiser, Stuteville, & Erwins, 1984;Helms, 1957;Lee et al, 2000;Menzies, 1946;Smrtz, Ulrychová, & Jokeš, 1981). The symptoms of diseased pot marigold were phyllody and proliferation (Figure 2h, Sesame plants affected by phytoplasma showed symptoms of floral virescence, phyllody, stem fasciation, shortened internodes and cracking of seed capsules (Figure 2j).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of two groups of phytoplasma with various symptoms in some wooden and herbaceous plants

Azimi

Mehrabi‐Koushki

Farokhinejad

2018

Journal of Phytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During 2015–2016, wooden and herbaceous plants growing in parks, boulevards, fields, gardens and forests in Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran, were visually inspected for symptoms resembling phytoplasma. Fifty‐one symptomatic samples from nine different species and one symptomless sample from each plant were collected. Leaf midribs, petioles and the parts of stem cambium were separated and freeze‐dried. Total DNA was extracted using CTAB‐based method and tested for phytoplasma using a nested PCR assay. The expected size amplicons of 16S rDNA were sequenced and compared to those of reference phytoplasmas by BLASTn search and phylogenetic analysis. The consensus 16S rDNA sequence of the detected phytoplasma in narrow cattail related to reference phytoplasma group 16SrVI, “Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii” while in the other plants were related to reference phytoplasma subgroup 16SrII–D, “Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia.” All isolates showed 98%–99% sequence identity to members of their reference groups. To our knowledge, this is the first report of “Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia”‐related strains infecting the plants of Acacia salicina, Alternanthera ficoidea, Melaleuca citrine, Citrus aurantium throughout the world and Celosia christata in Iran. Furthermore, this study is the first to report the association of a “Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii”‐related strain with Typha angustifolia worldwide.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of two groups of phytoplasma with various symptoms in some wooden and herbaceous plants

Azimi

Mehrabi‐Koushki

Farokhinejad

2018

Journal of Phytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Forage and silage alfalfa Medicago sativa L. with production of about 21,500,000 tons per year and yield of 33076.9 kg/ha have an important role in Iran agriculture as the fifth producer in the world (FAOSTAT, 2013). AWB disease as one of the most important factors affecting alfalfa production was reported for the first time in the United States of America in 1925 (Haskell, 1926), and after that, reported to occur in many alfalfa growing areas in the world (Smarz et al, 1981;Khadhair et al, 1997;Peters et al, 1999;Jomantiene et al, 2000;Marzachì et al, 2000;Khan et al, 2002;Conci et al, 2005;Jones et al, 2005;Getachew et al, 2007;Li et al, 2012;Starović et al, 2012;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015b;2015c). In Iran, for the first time, AWB symptoms were observed in alfalfa farms in Sistan Baluchestan, Fars and Kerman provinces (Salehi and Izadpanah, 1993b).…”

Section: Introduction 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Iran, for the first time, AWB symptoms were observed in alfalfa farms in Sistan Baluchestan, Fars and Kerman provinces (Salehi and Izadpanah, 1993b). Recently, AWB phytoplasma disease was observed in all the major alfalfa growing areas on different cultivars of M. sativa especially in central and southern provinces of Iran (Salehi et al, 1995;Raoofi and Salehi, 2012;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015b;2015dc). Phytoplasmas associated with AWB belong to diverse 16S rRNA group including 16SrI (Rashidi et al, 2010), 16SrII (Salehi et al, 2000;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015b;2015c), 16SrVI (Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2016a) and 16SrXII-A (Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2016 a,b).…”

Section: Introduction 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, AWB phytoplasma disease was observed in all the major alfalfa growing areas on different cultivars of M. sativa especially in central and southern provinces of Iran (Salehi et al, 1995;Raoofi and Salehi, 2012;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015b;2015dc). Phytoplasmas associated with AWB belong to diverse 16S rRNA group including 16SrI (Rashidi et al, 2010), 16SrII (Salehi et al, 2000;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015b;2015c), 16SrVI (Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2016a) and 16SrXII-A (Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2016 a,b). The insects Orosius albicinctus and Neoaliturus haematoceps were identified as AWB natural vectors in Iran (Salehi et al 1995;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015c).…”

Section: Introduction 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytoplasmas associated with AWB belong to diverse 16S rRNA group including 16SrI (Rashidi et al, 2010), 16SrII (Salehi et al, 2000;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015b;2015c), 16SrVI (Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2016a) and 16SrXII-A (Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2016 a,b). The insects Orosius albicinctus and Neoaliturus haematoceps were identified as AWB natural vectors in Iran (Salehi et al 1995;Esmailzadeh Hosseini et al, 2015a;2015c).…”

Section: Introduction 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of 16SrII group phytoplasmas associated with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) witches’ broom disease in diverse areas of Iran

Hosseini¹,

Khodakaramian²,

Salehi³

et al. 2016

jcp

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alfalfa witches' broom (AWB) is one of the most important alfalfa diseases in Iran. To characterize 16SrII group phytoplasmas associated with this disease, symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were collected during 2013-2015 and subjected to direct and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using P1/P7, R16mF2/R16mR2 and R16F2n/R16R2. PCR amplicons of ~1.8, ~1.4 and ~1.25 kb respectively, were obtained only from all symptomatic plants. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of R16F2n/R2 amplicons showed that the phytoplasma associated with AWB disease were members of 16SrII group subgroups 16SrII-D and-C. Blast analysis of these amplicon sequences and sequence homology of collected strains and strain sequences retrived from GenBank (AWB strains Chahgeer, Juyom and Bushehr) confirmed that AWB phytoplasmas collected from Bafg, Ardakan, Bahabad and Herat (Yazd province), Nikshahr (Sistan-Baluchestan), Bam, Zarand, Jiroft (Kerman province), Bushehr (Bushehr province), Tabas (South Khorasan province), Jowkar (Hamedan province) and Zardenjan (Esfahan province) cluster with phytoplasma strains enclosed in the 16SrII-D subgroup, while AWB strains from Chahgeer (Yazd province) and Juyom (Fars province) cluster with phytoplasma strains in the 16SrII-C subgroup. Based on these results the predominant strains of 16SrII phytoplasmas associated with AWB disease in Iran were classified in the 16SrII-D subgroup. In Ashkezar and Abarkouh in Yazd province entire alfalfa farm was infected with witches' broom disease. In 3 year alfalfa stands in Ashkezar alfalfa farms were plowed due to high incidence of the disease.

show abstract

Molecular diversity of phytoplasmas associated with eggplant phyllody disease in Iran

Salehi

Esmaeilzadeh‐Hosseini

Salehi

et al. 2021

Eur J Plant Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During 2015-18, surveys were conducted in the main eggplant growing areas of Iran and in all areas phytoplasma-type symptoms were observed. A total of 350 symptomatic eggplant plants were collected and tested for the phytoplasma presence on 16S rDNA. Diversity of the detected phytoplasmas was verified by molecular analyses, dodder and graft transmission on experimental test plants. Phytoplasmas were detected in all symptomatic samples and, by using nucleotide sequence comparisons and virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of 16S rDNA, six subgroups including 16SrII-D and -V, 16SrIX-C and -I, 16SrVI-A and 16SrXII-A and molecular variants related to 16SrII-D, 16SrVI-A, 16SrIX-C subgroups were identified. Based on symptomatology in dodder and graft inoculated eggplant and periwinkle plants, the phytoplasmas enclosed in the identified subgroups were differentiable. Collectively, based on the results of the present study and considering the reported presence of phytoplasmas belonging to the same ribosomal subgroups in other crops, eggplant fields play an important role in the epidemiology of other diseases associated with these phytoplasmas in Iran.Phytoplasmas are associated with different destructive plant diseases worldwide (Bertaccini et al., 2014) and are transmitted mainly by leafhoppers, however they could be disseminated also by propagation materials and in several cases by seeds (Satta et al., 2019). Phytoplasma presence is associated with symptoms of yellowing, discoloration, witches' broom, dwarfing, virescence, and phyllody. More than 1000 plant species from different plant families are reported as affected by phytoplasmas (Bertaccini & Duduk, 2009;Lee et al., 2000) and among them, vegetables growing in the major production areas worldwide, are infected by phytoplasmas belonging to numerous ribosomal groups (Kumari et al., 2019). In particular, eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) was reported as infected with strains belonging to 16SrI in Japan, Bangladesh and India

show abstract

Status of alfalfa witches’ broom phytoplasma disease in Iran

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Association of two groups of phytoplasma with various symptoms in some wooden and herbaceous plants

Association of two groups of phytoplasma with various symptoms in some wooden and herbaceous plants

Characterization of 16SrII group phytoplasmas associated with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) witches’ broom disease in diverse areas of Iran

Molecular diversity of phytoplasmas associated with eggplant phyllody disease in Iran

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About