“…Historical events like the creation of the European Union, the German reunification, or the disintegration of the Soviet Union at the end of the twentieth century led to the shaping of the world system. At the same time, various regional and military conflicts, coupled with an increase in terrorist acts, oil crises and economic shocks have determined changes in the power relations, while new powers and emergent economies have asserted themselves in the world economy (Krauthammer, 2002;Haass, 2008;Freddy & Thomas, 2023). Thus, most scholars believe that, at the beginning of the 21st century, the world economy has a multipolar structure, in which traditional powers as the United States and the European Union are mixed with emerging powers as BRICS -Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (Khanna, 2008;Gelb, 2009;Nenci & Montalbano, 2011;Nye, 2011;Dimitrijević, 2023).…”