Status and Prospects of MXene‐Based Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Abstract

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries with a theoretical energy density of 2567 Wh kg −1 are very promising next-generation energy storage systems, but suffer from the insulativity of sulfur and Li 2 S, the shuttle effect due to the dissolution and migration of polysulfides, and the lithium dendrite issue. MXenes, a family of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides, which have metallic conductivity, structural variety, strong chemical adsorption ability to polysulfides, effective catalytic effect for fast kinetics, and inducing effect for uniform growth of Li, exhibit promising potential for high-performance Li-S batteries. In this review, the recent progress and achievements of MXene-based Li-S batteries are summarized, including the use of MXenes in sulfur cathode, interlayer between cathode and separator, and Li anode. The architecture construction and chemical modification of MXenes, as well as hybridization with other materials are demonstrated. The enhancement on electrochemical performance and the related mechanisms of MXenes and MXene-based composites are discussed. Finally, challenges and perspectives of MXenes for Li-S battery application are also given.

Multisize CoS2 Particles Intercalated/Coated‐Montmorillonite as Efficient Sulfur Host for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

“…Many 2D layered nanomaterials, such as graphene, [19] MXenes, [20] layered metal oxides/sulfides, [21,22] and layered double hydroxides, [23] have attracted extensive attention due to their unique structure, remarkable electronic and physical properties, and promising applications in Li−S batteries. Apart from these well‐known materials in the field of rechargeable batteries, montmorillonite (MMT), a kind of naturally existing clay mineral materials, has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its special atomic interlamellar ion path structure and high sulfur affinity [24] .…”

The Interfacial Electronic Engineering in Binary Sulfiphilic Cobalt Boride Heterostructure Nanosheets for Upgrading Energy Density and Longevity of Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

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However, practical implementations of Li-S batteries are still impeded by several intrinsic problems, such as the insulating nature of sulfur/lithium sulfide (Li 2 S), inevitable shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides, and volume variation upon cycling. [5][6][7][8] Considerable efforts have been made to tackle these intractable issues, one of the common techniques is the use of the nanostructured carbon materials with high electrical conductivity, desirable porous structure, and controllable dimensions as sulfur hosts. [9][10][11][12][13] Despite fruitful progress achieved in this direction, the insufficient interactions between these carbonaceous materials and polysulfides greatly limit the loading of sulfur active material, thus compromising energy density of the cells.

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Three‐dimensionally Ordered Macro‐porous Metal‐organic Framework for High‐performance Lithium‐sulfur Battery

“…The initial discharge capacities of batteries with S/3DOM ZIF67 and S/ZIF67 cathodes were 1079.8 and 919.7 mAh g −1 , respectively, and could retain 765.5 and 512.3 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C. In addition, the coulombic efficiency of S/3DOM ZIF67 cathode is almost close to 100 % after 100 cycles. This superior cycle stability demonstrates high sulfur utilization by the 3DOM ZIF67 [29–31] …”