Status and Prospect of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Antibiotic Resistance

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) form an essential part of the intestinal microbiota of the human body and possess the ability to stabilize the intestinal microbiota, strengthen immunity, and promote digestion as well as intestinal synthesis of vitamins, amino acids, and proteins. Hence, LAB are currently widely used in various products. However, due to the indiscriminate overuse of antibiotics in humans and livestock, bacterial resistance to antibiotics has been increasing rapidly, which has led to serious problems in the treatment of bacterial infections. Additionally, several reports have revealed that antibiotic-resistant LAB may infect people whose immune systems are not fully developed or whose immune systems are temporarily weakened. Therefore, it is imperative to consider the possibility of antibioticresistant LAB causing diseases in humans and animals, investigate the mechanism of action between antibiotics and LAB, and determine the relevant regulations for the safe use of LAB.

ProbResist: a database for drug-resistant probiotic bacteria

“…Recent authoritative reviews on probiotic safety have also focused on the risk of probiotics in trafficking resistant determinants among other adverse effects such as causing systemic infections in immunocompromised individuals and deleterious metabolic activities ( 17 , 34–37 , 43 , 58–63 ). Antibiotics especially those from multiple classes such as penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides and macrolides prescribed to infants have been associated with increased risk for allergy including food allergy, atopic and contact dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis, anaphylaxis and asthma, during the later stage of development.…”

Accounting for the health risk of probiotics

“…1 ). This is by far the most discerning concern of probiotics as the literature is overwhelmed by numerous reports and reviews on this topic [ 24 , [147] , [148] , [149] , [150] , [151] , [152] , [153] , [154] , [155] , [156] , [157] ]. While a large body of evidence has reported multidrug resistant probiotics and the presence of ARGs in probiotics from human samples, animals, foods, and health supplements [ [158] , [159] , [160] , [161] , [162] , [163] , [164] , [165] ], however, direct evidence that demonstrate probiotic-to-pathogen transfer of ARGs in human samples or clinical studies, and from animal models, is scarce even though such evidence has been reported since 2007.…”

Antibacterial Activity against Pathogenic Bacteria of Lactiplantibacillus argentratensis Isolated from Blueberries

“…유산균(lactic acid bacteria) 그람 양성 박테리아, 막대 또는 구균 모양의 세포, 음성 카탈라아제, 미호기성, 비포자성, 비운동성이며, 탄수화물 발효의 최종 결과로 유산을 생성한다 [22]. 유산균은 타 액, 내장, 유제품, 육제품 등에 서식하는 동물유래 유산균(animal origin lactic acid bacteria)과 김치, 과일, 막걸리 등의 발효식품에서 분리된 식물유래 유산균(plant origin lactic acid bacteria) 으로 분류한다 [23,24]. 유산균은 분해되는 유기 물질의 악취 저감 효과, 식품의 맛 개선, 저장 중 부패미생물의 성장을 억제하기 때문에 식품 보존에 효과적으로 이용되고 있다 [25].…”