Status and characteristics of ambient PM2.5 pollution in global megacities

Cheng, Zhiwei; Luo, Lirong; Wang, Yafei; Wang, Yungang; Sharma, Sumit; Shimadera, Hikari; Wang, Xiaoliang; Bressi, M.; Miranda, Regina Maura de; Jiang, Jingkun; Zhou, Wei; Fajardo, Oscar A.; Yan, Naiqiang; Hao, Jiming

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.003

Cited by 322 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Globally, China is the one of the major regions suffering from substantial aerosol haze pollution (Cheng et al 2016). Ground-based and satellite observations reveal a widespread pollution domain (Liang et al 2016, Ma et al 2016, which occurs not only in urbanized and industrial regions (Rohde and Muller 2015) but also in many rural areas (Luo et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate effects of stringent air pollution controls mitigate future maize losses in China

Zhang

Yue

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Future anthropogenic aerosol and greenhouse gas emissions determine climate change in China, which influences crop growth and food production. However, very few studies have investigated their combined climate impacts on crop yields. Here, we apply a process-based modeling approach to examine potential climatic impacts of air pollution controls on maize yields in China for two future scenarios in the 2030s. The model suggests that reducing aerosol pollution emissions increases radiation, temperature and precipitation. Increased radiation and precipitation enhance yields while higher temperature reduces yields. These contrasting climate effects offset each other, leading to varied spatial responses in yields. Following the current legislation emission scenario, maize yield declines by 2.3% because air pollution shows only moderate reductions and the higher future temperature exerts the dominant detrimental impacts. In contrast, with the maximum technically feasible reduction scenario, the maize yield is projected to increase by 4.4% relative to the current level, because the benefit of increased radiation and precipitation outweighs the detrimental impacts of warming. Our results suggest that stringent aerosol pollution regulations can help mitigate maize yield losses in China due to the future climate warming.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate effects of stringent air pollution controls mitigate future maize losses in China

Zhang

Yue

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Researchers have linked air pollution to health effects such as upper respiratory problems, asthma, lung disease, resulting in an increase to healthcare costs [6]. Studies have shown that pollution Objectives of this study were to identify transport related patterns for metals and NO 3 − enrichment (pollution) within the Las Vegas valley.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buellia dispersa (Lichens) Used as Bio-Indicators for Air Pollution Transport: A Case Study within the Las Vegas Valley, Nevada (USA)

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Hazardous substances (e.g., toxic elements, oxides of nitrogen, carbon and sulfur) are discharged to the environment by a number of natural and anthropogenic activities. Anthropogenic air pollution commonly contains trace elements derived from contaminants and additives released into the atmosphere during fossil fuel combustion (automobiles, power generation, etc.) as well as physical processes (e.g., metal refining, vehicle brake wear, and tire and pavement wear). Analysis of pollutant chemical concentrations in lichens collected across the Las Vegas Valley allows documentation of the distribution of air pollution in the Valley. Analyses of lichen biomass (Buellia dispersa), when compared to windrose diagrams, shows pathways of airborne pollutant transport across the Las Vegas Valley. The west and north sectors of the Las Vegas Valley contained the lowest target contaminates (e.g., Cr, Cu, Co, Pb, Ni) and the highest NO 3 − while the east and south sectors contained the highest levels of target contaminates and lowest NO 3 − . Additionally, metals and NO 3 − detected in the east and south sectors of the valley indicate that air pollution generated in the valley is moving from the south to the north-northeast and across the valley, exiting on the north and south side of Frenchman Mountain.

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“…5,6 Among the various classes of particle matter, fine particles (PM 2.5 ) are a pollutant of primary concern in China. 7 Very high concentrations of urban PM 2. 5 are frequently recorded in Chinese cities, which could lead to adverse effects on human health because, once inhaled, they can be deposited much more deeply in the lungs than coarse particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Concentrations of Halogenated Flame Retardants in the Atmospheric Fine Particles in Chinese Cities

Liu

Lin

Shen

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The concentrations of halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) in PM 2.5 were monitored for one year at 10 urban sites in China during 2013−2014. This study investigated four classes of HFRs: nine polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), six nonbromodiphenyl ether (BDE) brominated flame retardants, two dechlorane plus (DP) flame retardants, and three chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs). Extremely high concentrations of BDE-209 and DBDPE were observed in only one city (Guangzhou), which was a consequence of the intensive ewaste recycling and disposal operations in the Pearl River Delta. This result differed from the tris(monochloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) distributions, which showed high concentrations in most cities, suggesting wide usage and large emissions in China in recent years. The highest TCPP and TCEP concentrations were observed in the summer, indicating that emission from local sources was an important factor controlling the levels in the air. This was not the case for BDE-209 and DBDPE, for which higher concentrations were found in winter. When bound to particulate matter due to low vapor pressure, these compounds may be more persistent in air, and temperature-dependent gas-particle partitioning was a key factor. Moreover, regional pollution and long-range transport had a significant influence on the seasonal distributions of BDE-209 and DBDPE, especially in cities (Guangzhou and Shanghai) close to electrical/electronic waste recycling sites. Residents in urban areas were exposed to higher levels of chlorinated OPFRs. This raises considerable concern, and an appropriate risk assessment is required.

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Status and characteristics of ambient PM2.5 pollution in global megacities

Cited by 322 publications

References 54 publications

Climate effects of stringent air pollution controls mitigate future maize losses in China

Climate effects of stringent air pollution controls mitigate future maize losses in China

Buellia dispersa (Lichens) Used as Bio-Indicators for Air Pollution Transport: A Case Study within the Las Vegas Valley, Nevada (USA)

Occurrence and Concentrations of Halogenated Flame Retardants in the Atmospheric Fine Particles in Chinese Cities

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