Status and challenge of Mg battery cathode

Abstract

Current performance of Mg battery cathode is reviewed. Perspective for research in this fi eld is provided and discussed.Mg battery has recently gathered more and more interest as a high energy density replacement of current Li-ion battery. Signifi cant progress has been made in developing sustainable anode and novel electrolyte. However, the success of Mg battery still high demands the search of cathode material with high energy density, good rate capability, and nice cyclability. This current review focuses on the development of Mg battery cathode in the past 15 years. A detailed review about the performance and limitations of reported cathode material is provided.A perspective for this area is discussed with insights for future research direction. Three important areas that must be explored in this fi eld in near future are suggested: the investigation of high capacity cathode, the study of hybrid ion battery, and deeper understanding about the magnesiation chemistry of the cathode.

Manganese Dioxide As Rechargeable Magnesium Battery Cathode

“…However, low-operation voltage (1.2 V) and capacity (theoretically 120 mAh g −1 ) limit the energy density of Chevrel phase to at most ~20% of typical LIB cathode such as LiCoO2 (Aubach et al, 2000). A crucial hurdle toward the development of practical rMB is therefore to find suitable cathodes meeting the requirements of energy density, cyclability, and rate capability Mohtadi and Mizuno, 2014;Muldoon et al, 2014;Bucur et al, 2015;Huie et al, 2015;Song et al, 2016;Zhang and Ling, 2016a).…”

Effects of vapor injection modes on the heating performance of heat pumps

“…As can be seen, the input power and the heat output of the three different heat pumps are different for the different variants. In order to compare their operating performance, the experimental heating efficiency e exp is defined using equation (18), the attenuation rate m of the heating efficiency is defined using equation (19) and the comparison rate u is defined using equation (20), as follows: Fig. 7.…”

“…Heo et al measured and analyzed the effects of flash tank vapor injection on the heating performance of a two-stage heat pump with an inverterdriven twin rotary compressor for different frequencies [17]. Zhang et al established an experimental set up of economized vapor injection air-source heat pump (EVI-ASHP) system in cold regions of China, and showed that the air-source heat pump with the EVI technique could improve the thermal performance by 4-6% with respect to that without EVI [18]. Cho et al measured the cooling and heating performances of R410A and R32 multi-heat pumps with a sub-cooled vapor injection (SCVI) and found that the R410A and R32 multi-heat pumps with vapor injection showed 2.1-6.3% higher cooling capacity than those without vapor injection [19].…”

BCN monolayer for high capacity Al-based dual-ion batteries

“…[3][4][5][6][7] In this context, multivalent metal ion (Mg, Zn, Al) batteries can be a better choice due to their high abundance, low cost and high volumetric capacity. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Amongst the recently developed batteries, Al batteries have garnered interest due to the higher abundance (third most abundant metal in earth's crust), high gravimetric (3 A h g À1 ) and volumetric capacity (8.04 A h cm À3 ) compared to other metal ions. [12][13][14][15] However, these merits are due to the anodic part and there is an essential need to look out for materials to improve the cathodic part, which can provide suitable electrochemical properties.…”