Statistics in Medical Research

Gehan, Edmund A.; Lemak, Noreen A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2518-9

Cited by 38 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…This study adopted a clinical treatment trial methodology (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) . By the number of participants, it was a pilot clinical trial, having followed all the necessary criteria for it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ensaio Clínico de Tratamento da Gagueira: estudo piloto com variável monitorada, participação do cão na sessão de terapia

Costa

Ichitani

Juste

et al. 2019

CoDAS

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RESUMO Objetivo Verificar o efeito da intervenção do cão na sessão regular de terapia fonoaudiológica para a gagueira do desenvolvimento em jovens adultos. Método Foram selecionados jovens adultos e adultos com diagnóstico de gagueira do desenvolvimento. Concluíram o estudo oito participantes, seis do sexo masculino e dois do sexo feminino, com idades variando entre 16 e 45 anos. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: G1 – que realizou o tratamento para gagueira com a presença de um cão terapeuta em sala de terapia e G2 – que realizou o tratamento para gagueira sem a presença do cão terapeuta. Foi incluído um grupo controle, G3 – composto por participantes fluentes, pareado em idade e sexo ao G1 e G2, para controle da variabilidade natural da fluência da fala. Resultados A análise comparativa entre os grupos indicou que o grupo que realizou o tratamento sem a presença do cão alcançou melhores índices de performance, evolução e eficácia. Conclusão Para a população pesquisada neste estudo, não foi observado efeito da intervenção do cão na terapia fonoaudiológica.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for blinding, those responsible for evaluation and outcome measures should not be the same researchers who know the participants, and the participants distribution in the groups is important. This measure aims to protect the study from personal and circumstantial biases (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensaio Clínico de Tratamento da Gagueira: estudo piloto com variável monitorada, participação do cão na sessão de terapia

Costa

Ichitani

Juste

et al. 2019

CoDAS

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“…The scientific bases of these designs were developed and presented in McCall’s (1923) volume How to Experiment in Education . During the same period, Sir Ronald Fisher, who was developing methods to study agricultural practices, developed further the notion of randomization and derived various statistical methods for making inferences from the data produced by such designs, the best known of which is the analysis of variance (Danziger, 1990; Gehan & Lemak, 1994; Shapiro & Shapiro, 1997b). Fisher’s volumes Statistical Methods for Research Workers (Fisher, 1925) and The Experimental Design (Fisher, 1935) formed, with little modification, the bases for all randomized designs in medicine and the social sciences.…”

Section: (Very) Brief History Of Placebo Effects and Placebo Control ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal of modern medicine was to establish that the benefits of any medical treatment were attributable to the physiochemical properties of the interventions and not to the patient’s expectations, hopes, or other psychological processes, thereby establishing the specificity of the purported active ingredients of the procedures. To rule out threats to validity attributable to these psychological factors, researchers in the late 1930s began to use double-blind placebo studies in the United States and the United Kingdom, but the method did not take root, apparently because placebo carried a negative connotation (Gehan & Lemak, 1994; Shapiro & Shapiro, 1997a, 1997b). Gradually however, the acceptance of the randomized double-blind placebo design spread.…”

Section: (Very) Brief History Of Placebo Effects and Placebo Control ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo effects in psychotherapy: A flawed concept and a contorted history.

Wampold

Frost

Yulish

2016

Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice

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In this article, we examine the history and controversy of the placebo in psychotherapy. In medicine, beginning in the 1950s, the use of the placebo in double-blind randomized trials has allowed the identification of specific treatments. It seemed logical to researchers that this strategy could be fruitfully adapted for studying psychotherapy. However, Rosenthal and Frank (1956) noted that the analogy would likely fail because there is no such thing as an “inert psychotherapy.” Notwithstanding the problems with psychotherapy placebos, psychotherapy research moved forward with efforts to make inferences about specificity using placebo types control groups. The discussion of specificity and the therapeutic value of the common factors raise the issue of whether psychotherapy is in and of itself a placebo.

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Clinical Trials, History of

Ederer

2005

Encyclopedia of Biostatistics

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Statistics in Medical Research

Cited by 38 publications

References 119 publications

Ensaio Clínico de Tratamento da Gagueira: estudo piloto com variável monitorada, participação do cão na sessão de terapia

Ensaio Clínico de Tratamento da Gagueira: estudo piloto com variável monitorada, participação do cão na sessão de terapia

Placebo effects in psychotherapy: A flawed concept and a contorted history.

Clinical Trials, History of

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