In a previous study, a conductor-like screening model for the real solvents (COSMO-RS) method and machine learning were used to predict CO 2 Henry's law constants for several ionic liquids (ILs), where trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([P 66614 ][TFSA]), trihexyl-(tetradecyl)phosphonium perfluorooctanesulfonate ([P 66614 ]-[PFOS]), and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate ([P 66614 ][PF 6 ]) were selected as ILs exhibiting superior CO 2 absorption. Based on the prediction results, the selected phosphonium-based IL CO 2 solubilities were measured at 313.15 and 333.15 K. Here, a magnetic suspension balance was used to measure the solubilities of hydrocarbons such as methane (CH 4 ), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), and ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) in [P 66614 ][TFSA], [P 66614 ][PFOS], and [P 66614 ][PF 6 ] at 313.15 and 333.15 K. The CO 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , and C 2 H 4 Henry's law constants were calculated from the experimental solubility data for mole fractions of <0.1. The CO 2 /hydrocarbon selectivities were calculated using the ratio of Henry's law constants of CO 2 and hydrocarbons. The IL CO 2 /CH 4 selectivities increase in the order of the anion PFOS − < TFSA − < PF 6 − , whereas CO 2 /C 2 H 6 selectivities increase in the order of the anion PFOS − < TFSA − ≤ PF 6 − . The CO 2 /C 2 H 4 selectivities of the three IL systems were identical at 313.15 K, whereas at 333.15 K, the selectivities increased in the order PFOS − < TFSA − ≤ PF 6 − . When only the IL anions were changed, the CO 2 /hydrocarbon selectivity increased with a decreasing anion molecular weight.