Statistical physics of fracture, friction, and earthquakes

Kawamura, Hikaru; Hatano, Takahiro; Kato, Naoyuki; Biswas, Soumyajyoti; Chakrabarti, Bikas K.

doi:10.1103/revmodphys.84.839

Cited by 211 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 271 publications

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“…In contrast, one should also bear in mind that real earthquakes often exhibit apparently opposite features, i.e., the features represented by "characteristic earthquakes" where an earthquake is regarded to possess its characteristic energy or time scale 6,8,9 . Statistical physical study of earthquakes is often based on simplified models of various levels of simplification 10 . There are several advantages in employing simplified models in the study of earthquakes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the standard models widely employed in statistical physical study of earthquakes might be the Burridge-Knopoff (BK) model 10,11 . The model was first introduced in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the pioneering study of the statistical properties of the BK model, Carlson, Langer and collaborators employed the simple velocity-weakening friction force. The friction force is assumed to be a single-valued decreasing function of the velocity 10,11,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] . More realistic constitutive relation now standard in seismology might be the rate-and-state dependent friction (RSF) law [29][30][31] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical properties of the one-dimensional Burridge-Knopoff model of earthquakes obeying the rate- and state-dependent friction law

et al. 2017

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Statistical properties of the one-dimensional spring-block (Burridge-Knopoff) model of earthquakes obeying the rate and state dependent friction law are studied by extensive computer simulations. The quantities computed include the magnitude distribution, the rupture-length distribution, the mainshock recurrence-time distribution, the seismic time correlations before and after the mainshock, the mean slip amount, and the mean stress drop at the mainshock, etc. Events of the model can be classified into two distinct categories. One tends to be unilateral with its epicenter located at the rim of the rupture zone of the preceding event, while the other tends to be bilateral with enhanced "characteristic" features resembling the so-called "asperity". For both types events, the distribution of the rupture length Lr exhibits an exponential behavior at larger sizes, ≈ exp[−Lr/L0] with a characteristic "seismic correlation length" L0. The mean slip as well as the mean stress drop tends to be rupture-length independent for larger events. The continuum limit of the model is examined, where the model is found to exhibit pronounced characteristic features. In the continuum limit, the characteristic rupture length L0 is estimated to be ∼100 [km]. This means that, even in a hypothetical homogenous infinite fault, events cannot be indefinitely large in the exponential sense, the upper limit being of order ∼ 10 3 kilometers. Implications to real seismicity are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the standard models widely employed in statistical physical study of earthquakes might be the Burridge-Knopoff (BK) model 10,11 . The model was first introduced in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical properties of the one-dimensional Burridge-Knopoff model of earthquakes obeying the rate- and state-dependent friction law

et al. 2017

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“…of Tokyo) for introducing ref. [14] and the general discussion about earthquake. He also thanks H. Kawamura (Dep.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(See the recent review article ref. [14] for the use of BK model in the earthquake phenomena. ) G is newly introduced in the present paper.…”

Section: Burridge-knopoff Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-equilibrium statistical approach to friction models

Ichinose

2016

Tribology International

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A geometric approach to the friction phenomena is presented. It is based on the holographic view which has recently been popular in the theoretical physics community. We see the system in one-dimension-higher space. The heat-producing phenomena are most widely treated by using the non-equilibrium statistical physics. We take 2 models of the earthquake. The dissipative systems are here formulated from the geometric standpoint. The statistical fluctuation is taken into account by using the (generalized) Feynman's path-integral.

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On the velocity‐strengthening behavior of dry friction

et al. 2014

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The onset of frictional instabilities, e.g. earthquakes nucleation, is intimately related to velocity-weakening friction, in which the frictional resistance of interfaces decreases with increasing slip velocity. While this frictional response has been studied extensively, less attention has been given to steady-state velocity-strengthening friction, in spite of its potential importance for various aspects of frictional phenomena such as the propagation speed of interfacial rupture fronts and the amount of stored energy released by them. In this note we suggest that a crossover from steady-state velocity-weakening friction at small slip velocities to steady-state velocity-strengthening friction at higher velocities might be a generic feature of dry friction. We further argue that while thermally activated rheology naturally gives rise to logarithmic steady-state velocity-strengthening friction, a crossover to stronger-than-logarithmic strengthening might take place at higher slip velocities, possibly accompanied by a change in the dominant dissipation mechanism. We sketch a few physical mechanisms that may account for the crossover to stronger-than-logarithmic steady-state velocity-strengthening and compile a rather extensive set of experimental data available in the literature, lending support to these ideas.Comment: Updated to published version: 2 Figures and a section adde

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Statistical physics of fracture, friction, and earthquakes

Cited by 211 publications

References 271 publications

Statistical properties of the one-dimensional Burridge-Knopoff model of earthquakes obeying the rate- and state-dependent friction law

Statistical properties of the one-dimensional Burridge-Knopoff model of earthquakes obeying the rate- and state-dependent friction law

Non-equilibrium statistical approach to friction models

On the velocity‐strengthening behavior of dry friction

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