Statistical Parametric Mapping of HR-pQCT Images: A Tool for Population-Based Local Comparisons of Micro-Scale Bone Features

Carballido‐Gamio, Julio; Bonaretti, Serena; Kazakia, Galateia J.; Khosla, Sundeep; Majumdar, Sharmila; Lang, Thomas; Burghardt, Andrew J.

doi:10.1007/s10439-016-1754-8

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…are only possible with computational anatomy approaches such as VBM and surface‐based SPM. Although inflated false‐positive rates have recently been noted in neuroimaging studies using SPM, high specificity has been observed in this and other musculoskeletal studies using VBM and surface‐based SPM …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Although inflated false-positive rates have recently been noted in neuroimaging studies (23) using SPM, high specificity has been observed in this and other musculoskeletal studies using VBM and surface-based SPM. (28) In this case-control study, by using statistical multiparametric mapping, we explored spatial differences in the distribution of bone between femoral neck and trochanteric fractures. Our results and results of Poole and colleagues both suggest focal osteoporosis should be highly valued in clinical practice of osteoporosis because hip fractures were not uniform with the diagnosis of osteoporosis and the focal defects in bone might get across this problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Differences in the Distribution of Bone Between Femoral Neck and Trochanteric Fractures

Carballido‐Gamio

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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There is little knowledge about the spatial distribution differences in volumetric bone mineral density and cortical bone structure at the proximal femur between femoral neck fractures and trochanteric fractures. In this case-control study, a total of 93 women with fragility hip fractures, 72 with femoral neck fractures (mean±SD age: 70.6±12.7 years) and 21 with trochanteric fractures (75.6±9.3 years), and 50 control subjects (63.7±7.0 years) were included for the comparisons. Differences in the spatial distributions of volumetric bone mineral density, cortical bone thickness, cortical volumetric bone mineral density and volumetric bone mineral density in a layer adjacent to the endosteal surface were investigated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based statistical parametric mapping (SPM). We compared these spatial distributions between controls and both types of fracture, and between the two types of fracture. Using VBM, we found spatially heterogeneous volumetric bone mineral density differences between control subjects and subjects with hip fracture, that varied by fracture type. Interestingly, femoral neck fracture subjects, but not subjects with trochanteric fracture, showed significantly lower volumetric bone mineral density in the superior aspect of the femoral neck compared to controls. Using surface-based SPM, we found that compared to controls both fracture types showed thinner cortices in regions in agreement with the type of fracture. Most outcomes of cortical and endocortical volumetric bone mineral density comparisons were consistent with VBM results. Our results suggest: 1) that the spatial distribution of trabecular volumetric bone mineral density might play a significant role in hip fracture; 2) that focal cortical bone thinning might be more relevant in femoral neck fractures; and 3) that areas of reduced cortical and endocortical volumetric bone mineral density might be more relevant for trochanteric fractures in Chinese women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Differences in the Distribution of Bone Between Femoral Neck and Trochanteric Fractures

Carballido‐Gamio

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…Since CBM is surface-based, results are best displayed as colour maps, revealing where on the bone surface the effects are most prominent. The source data is typically whole-body QCT [ 3 , 6 •], though HRpQCT has been used for studies of the distal limbs [ 7 ] and palaeoanthropological specimens [ 8 ]. However, neither HRpQCT nor QCT can reveal the porous structure of bone, since the imaging resolution is limited to around 0.3 mm for the former and 1.5 mm for the latter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Bone Mapping: Measurement and Statistical Analysis of Localised Skeletal Changes

Treece

Gee

2018

Curr Osteoporos Rep

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Purpose of ReviewCortical bone mapping (CBM) is a technique for measuring localised skeletal changes from computed tomography (CT) images. It can provide measurements with accuracy surpassing the underlying imaging resolution. CBM can detect changes in several properties of the cortex, with no prior assumptions about the likely location of said changes. This paper summarises the theory behind CBM, discusses its strengths and limitations, and reviews some studies in which it has been applied.Recent FindingsCBM has revealed associations between fracture risk and cortical properties in specific regions of the proximal femur which present feasible therapeutic targets. Analyses of several pharmaceutical and exercise interventions quantify effects that are distinct both in location and in the nature of the micro-architectural changes. CBM has illuminated age-related changes in the proximal femur and has recently been applied to other bones, as well as to the assessment of cartilage.SummaryThe CBM processing pipeline is designed primarily for large cohort studies. Its main impact thus far has not been in the realm of clinical practice, but rather to improve our fundamental understanding of localised bone structure and changes.

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“…Periosteal surface-based maps encoding the local apparent cortical bone thickness (Surf.app.Ct.Th), effective cortical bone thickness taking into account porosity and partial volume effects (Surf.Ct.SIT; streamline integral thickness), mean cortical BMD (Surf.Ct.BMD), and mean cortical SED (Surf.Ct.SED) at each vertex were also generated as previously described by Carballido-Gamio et al enabling population-based vertex-wise associations of cortical bone parameters (28). For this purpose, the cortical compartment was identified with an in-house implementation of a non-local fuzzy c-means (NL-FCM) algorithm using BMD maps, bone segmentations, and distances to the periosteal surfaces as clustering features (28). Then, soft cortical bone classification was performed using a fuzzy s-shaped membership function assigning to each voxel a value between 0 (no cortical bone) and 1 (cortical bone) (29), indicating the degree of membership of a voxel to the category of cortical bone (Figure 2).…”

Section: Spatial Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and Spatial Compartmental Interrelationships of Bone Density, Microstructure, Geometry and Biomechanics in the Distal Radius in a Colles’ Fracture Study Using HR-pQCT

et al. 2021

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BackgroundBone parameters derived from HR-pQCT have been investigated on a parameter-by-parameter basis for different clinical conditions. However, little is known regarding the interrelationships of bone parameters and the spatial distribution of these interrelationships. In this work: 1) we investigate compartmental interrelationships of bone parameters; 2) assess the spatial distribution of interrelationships of bone parameters; and 3) compare interrelationships of bone parameters between postmenopausal women with and without a recent Colles’ fracture.MethodsImages from the unaffected radius in fracture cases (n=84), and from the non-dominant radius of controls (n=98) were obtained using HR-pQCT. Trabecular voxel-based maps of local bone volume fraction (L.Tb.BV/TV), homogenized volumetric bone mineral density (H.Tb.BMD), homogenized μFEA-derived strain energy density (H.Tb.SED), and homogenized inter-trabecular distances (H.Tb.1/N) were generated; as well as surface-based maps of apparent cortical bone thickness (Surf.app.Ct.Th), porosity-weighted cortical bone thickness (Surf.Ct.SIT), mean cortical BMD (Surf.Ct.BMD), and mean cortical SED (Surf.Ct.SED). Anatomical correspondences across the parametric maps in the study were established via spatial normalization to a common template. Mean values of the parametric maps before spatial normalization were used to assess compartmental Spearman’s rank partial correlations of bone parameters (e.g., between H.Tb.BMD and L.Tb.BV/TV or between Surf.Ct.BMD and Surf.app.Ct.Th). Spearman’s rank partial correlations were also assessed for each voxel and vertex of the spatially normalized parametric maps, thus generating maps of Spearman’s rank partial correlation coefficients. Correlations were performed independently within each group, and compared between groups using the Fisher’s Z transformation.ResultsAll within-group global trabecular and cortical Spearman’s rank partial correlations were significant; and the correlations of H.Tb.BMD–L.Tb.BV/TV, H.Tb.BMD–H.Tb.1/N, L.Tb.BV/TV–H.Tb.1/N, Surf.Ct.BMD–Surf.Ct.SED and Surf.Ct.SIT–Surf.Ct.SED were significantly different between controls and fracture cases. The spatial analyses revealed significant heterogeneous voxel- and surface-based correlation coefficient maps across the distal radius for both groups; and the correlation maps of H.Tb.BMD–L.Tb.BV/TV, H.Tb.BMD–H.Tb.1/N, L.Tb.BV/TV–H.Tb.1/N, H.Tb.1/N–H.Tb.SED and Surf.app.Ct.Th - Surf.Ct.SIT yielded small clusters of significant correlation differences between groups.DiscussionThe heterogeneous spatial distribution of interrelationships of bone parameters assessing density, microstructure, geometry and biomechanics, along with their global and local differences between controls and fracture cases, may help us further understand different bone mechanisms of bone fracture.

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Statistical Parametric Mapping of HR-pQCT Images: A Tool for Population-Based Local Comparisons of Micro-Scale Bone Features

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Spatial Differences in the Distribution of Bone Between Femoral Neck and Trochanteric Fractures

Spatial Differences in the Distribution of Bone Between Femoral Neck and Trochanteric Fractures

Cortical Bone Mapping: Measurement and Statistical Analysis of Localised Skeletal Changes

Global and Spatial Compartmental Interrelationships of Bone Density, Microstructure, Geometry and Biomechanics in the Distal Radius in a Colles’ Fracture Study Using HR-pQCT

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