Statistical Observations on Genital Anomalies of Newborns Following the Administration of Progestins to Their Mothers

Ishizuka, N; Kawashima, Yoshiko; Nakanishi, Toru; Sugawa, T; Nishikawa, Yuri

doi:10.1097/00006254-196406000-00023

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…First, ambiguous genitalia of female fetuses, i.e. pseudohermaphroditism was reported after synthetic progestin treatments during pregnancy (Hayles & Nolan 1957;Grumbach et al 1958;Moncrieff 1958;Wilkins et al 1958;Wilkins 1960;Nishimura & Tanimura 1976), however, Japanese experts found genital anomalies in both female and male newborns following the administration of synthetic progestins to their mothers (Ishizuka et al 1962;Ishizuka & Kawashima 1964). In addition, hypospadias was also found in newborns after progestogen therapy in early pregnancy in some studies (Sweet et al 1974;Aarskog 1979;Kallen et al 1992).…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population‐based case‐control teratogenic study of hydroxyprogesterone treatment during pregnancy

Dudás

Gidai

Czeizel

2006

Congenital Anomalies

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Hydroxyprogesterone, a synthetic progestin, was used for the treatment of pregnant women with threatened abortion and preterm delivery. Previous studies showed some association between hydroxyprogesterone use during early pregnancy and some specific congenital abnormalities. The population-based large Hungarian data set seemed to be appropriate to check this possible association. The Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities between 1980 and 1996 includes 22 843 cases with congenital abnormalities and 38 151 controls without any defect. 318 (1.4%) cases, while 433 (1.1%) controls had mothers with hydroxyprogesterone treatment during pregnancy (adjusted POR with 95% CI: 1.3, 1.1-1.5). However, there was no association between risk for any congenital abnormality group and a higher use of maternal hydroxyprogesterone treatment during the second and third month of gestation. On the other hand hydroxyprogesterone is not effective in the prevention of preterm delivery. In conclusion, there was no detectable risk for congenital abnormalities in the offspring of mothers with hydroxyprogesterone treatment during early pregnancy, however, there is no reasonable indication of this treatment during pregnancy.

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1958; Moncrieff 1958; Wilkins et al . 1958; Wilkins 1960; Nishimura & Tanimura 1976), however, Japanese experts found genital anomalies in both female and male newborns following the administration of synthetic progestins to their mothers (Ishizuka et al . 1962; Ishizuka & Kawashima 1964).…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population‐based case‐control teratogenic study of hydroxyprogesterone treatment during pregnancy

Dudás

Gidai

Czeizel

2006

Congenital Anomalies

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“…From their own clinical experience, Bryan et al (1949) estimate a frequency of 1/4,000 female patients (0.25/1,000). However, the rate for high-dose, second-trimester treatments is probably quite high (Burstein and Wasserman, 1974;Ishizuka et al, 1962;Jacobson, 1962). Of the total of 8,177, there were two records of complete or partial vaginal agenesis.…”

Section: Vaginal and Penile Agenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not all progestin-treated pregnancies result in fetal masculinization. However, the rate for high-dose, second-trimester treatments is probably quite high (Burstein and Wasserman, 1974;Ishizuka et al, 1962;Jacobson, 1962). Unfortunately, no good estimates exist of the number of individuals currently living with iatrogenically induced genital alterations.…”

Section: Vaginal and Penile Agenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

How sexually dimorphic are we? Review and synthesis

et al. 2000

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The belief that Homo sapiens is absolutely dimorphic with the respect to sex chromosome composition, gonadal structure, hormone levels, and the structure of the internal genital duct systems and external genitalia, derives from the platonic ideal that for each sex there is a single, universally correct developmental pathway and outcome. We surveyed the medical literature from 1955 to the present for studies of the frequency of deviation from the ideal male or female. We conclude that this frequency may be as high as 2% of live births. The frequency of individuals receiving “corrective” genital surgery, however, probably runs between 1 and 2 per 1,000 live births (0.1–0.2%). Am. J. Hum. Biol. 12:151–166, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…It is possible that the drugs will also increase the risk of a serious change in mood after longer intervals in women who are predisposed to cyclical depression, but no evidence of such an effect has been reported. Progestagens given to prevent a threatened abortion have also produced genital malformations in female infants, but the doses employed were much larger than those used for the contraception (Ishizuka, Kawashima & Nakanishi, 1962) and no such effect has been recorded in the few infants who were conceived while steroid contraceptives were being used. A remote possibility which will need to be considered is that progestagens with a strong androgenic effect might interfere with the development in the foetus of the hypothalamic clock which is later responsible for the control of the female sex cycle (Harris & Naftolin, 1969).…”

Section: Other Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Term Effects of Steroid Contraceptives

Doll

1970

J. Biosoc. Sci.

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Editorial noteThe Twelfth Oliver Bird Lecture was delivered by Professor Richard Doll, Regius Professor of Medicine in the University of Oxford, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine on 19th March 1970. This was the last lecture to be given under the auspices of the Oliver Bird Trust, an account of which starts on page 359. Professor Doll was formerly Director of the MRC Unit of Medical Statistics, in which capacity he had exceptional experience in assessing the significance of changes in the incidences of abnormal conditions. The subject of his lecture was therefore highly appropriate to his special knowledge, as well as to current controversy and to the series of Oliver Bird lectures. The Journal of Biosocial Science is glad to publish this authoritative exposition of a most important problem.

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Statistical Observations on Genital Anomalies of Newborns Following the Administration of Progestins to Their Mothers

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Population‐based case‐control teratogenic study of hydroxyprogesterone treatment during pregnancy

Population‐based case‐control teratogenic study of hydroxyprogesterone treatment during pregnancy

How sexually dimorphic are we? Review and synthesis

The Long-Term Effects of Steroid Contraceptives

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