Background and Purpose-The effects of hypothermia on global cerebral blood flow (CBF) and glucose utilization (CGU) have been extensively studied, but less information exists on a local cerebral level. We investigated the effects of normothermic and hypothermic anesthesia on local CBF (LCBF) and local CGU (LCGU). Methods-Thirty-six rats were anesthetized with isoflurane (1 MAC) and artificially ventilated to maintain normal PaCO 2 (␣-stat). Pericranial temperature was maintained normothermic (37.5°C, nϭ12) or was reduced to 35°C (nϭ12) or 32°C (nϭ12 35°C rϭ0.96, 32°C rϭ0.96, PϽ0.05). The LCBF-to-LCGU ratio increased from 1.5 to 2.5 mL/mol during anesthesia (PϽ0.05), remained at 2.4 mL/mol during mild hypothermia, and decreased during moderate hypothermia (2.1 mL/mol, PϽ0.05). Conclusions-Anesthesia and hypothermia induce divergent changes in mean CBF and CGU. However, local analysis demonstrates a well-maintained linear relationship between LCBF and LCGU during normothermic and hypothermic anesthesia.