Statistical Evaluation of an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometric Method for Routine Water Quality Testing

Garbarino, John R.; Jones, Brant; Stein, G.; Belser, W. T.; Taylor, Howard E.

doi:10.1366/0003702854248458

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To understand the potential inorganic chemical sources across the land-use gradient, we measured the concentrations of 58 major and trace elements using inductively coupled-plasma/ atomic emission spectrometry (36) and inductively coupled-plasma/mass spectrometry (37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suburbanization, estrogen contamination, and sex ratio in wild amphibian populations

Lambert

Giller

Barber

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Research on endocrine disruption in frog populations, such as shifts in sex ratios and feminization of males, has predominantly focused on agricultural pesticides. Recent evidence suggests that suburban landscapes harbor amphibian populations exhibiting similar levels of endocrine disruption; however the endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) sources are unknown. Here, we show that sex ratios of metamorphosing frogs become increasingly female-dominated along a suburbanization gradient. We further show that suburban ponds are frequently contaminated by the classical estrogen estrone and a variety of EDCs produced by plants (phytoestrogens), and that the diversity of organic EDCs is correlated with the extent of developed land use and cultivated lawn and gardens around a pond. Our work also raises the possibility that trace-element contamination associated with human land use around suburban ponds may be contributing to the estrogenic load within suburban freshwaters and constitutes another source of estrogenic exposure for wildlife. These data suggest novel, unexplored pathways of EDC contamination in human-altered environments. In particular, we propose that vegetation changes associated with suburban neighborhoods (e.g., from forests to lawns and ornamental plants) increase the distribution of phytoestrogens in surface waters. The result of frog sex ratios varying as a function of human land use implicates a role for environmental modulation of sexual differentiation in amphibians, which are assumed to only have genetic sex determination. Overall, we show that endocrine disruption is widespread in suburban frog populations and that the causes are likely diverse.A mphibians are a model animal system for studying endocrine disruption in nature (1). Wild amphibians show evidence (such as testicular oocytes) of feminizing endocrine disruption in human-modified environments (2-7). With few exceptions (6, 7), research on amphibians has focused on agricultural landscapes (2, 4, 5) and the effects of pesticides such as atrazine (2,8). In parallel, endocrine disruption in fish has been observed in the context of chemical gradients associated with sources of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as municipal wastewater treatment facility discharges (9-11). These studies imply that endocrine disruption in aquatic systems is caused predominantly by industrial-or municipalscale activities. However, recent work has revealed that suburban neighborhoods also may be hotspots for endocrine disruption, and green frogs [Rana (Lithobates) clamitans] from "backyard ponds" have been reported (6, 7) to exhibit higher frequencies of feminizing endocrine disruption (testicular oocytes in males) than frogs from other land uses (forest, agricultural, and urban). Endocrine disruption appears to be a ubiquitous phenomenon in suburban ponds, with testicular oocytes observed in male green frogs at all 34 suburban ponds studied to date (6, 7). The causes of endocrine disruption in suburban landscapes have not yet been studied. Although some ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suburbanization, estrogen contamination, and sex ratio in wild amphibian populations

Lambert

Giller

Barber

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is used for the following elements; Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Ga, Gd, Ho, La, Li, Lu, Mn, Mo, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Pr, Rb, Re, Sb, Se, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn, and Zr (Garbarino and Taylor 1996;Taylor 2001). Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) is used for the following elements; Ca, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, P, S, SiO 2 , and Ti (Garbarino and Taylor 1979 Révész and Coplen 2008a, b), the 2-sigma uncertainties are 0.2‰ for oxygen and 2‰ for hydrogen isotopic ratios reported relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water. Strontium isotope ratios ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) were measured by the USGS National Research Program Laboratory in Menlo Park, California by using methods described in Bullen et al 1996 and are precise to 0.00002 or better at the 95% confidence level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and hydrology of perched groundwater springs: assessing elevated uranium concentrations at Pigeon Spring relative to nearby Pigeon Mine, Arizona (USA)

et al. 2016

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The processes that affect water chemistry as the water flows from recharge areas through breccia-pipe uranium deposits in the Grand Canyon region of the southwestern United States are not well understood. Pigeon Spring had elevated uranium in 1982 (44 μg/L), compared to other perched springs (2.7-18 μg/L), prior to mining operations at the nearby Pigeon Mine. Perched groundwater springs in an area around the Pigeon Mine were sampled between 2009 and 2015 and compared with material from the Pigeon Mine to better understand the geochemistry and hydrology of the area. Two general groups of perched groundwater springs were identified from this study; one group is characterized by calcium sulfate type water, low uranium activity ratio 234 U/ 238 U (UAR) values, and a mixture of water with some component of modern water, and the other group by calcium-magnesium sulfate type water, higher UAR values, and radiocarbon ages indicating recharge on the order of several thousand years ago. Multivariate statistical principal components analysis of Pigeon Mine and spring samples indicate Cu, Pb, As, Mn, and Cd concentrations distinguished mining-related leachates from perched groundwater springs. The groundwater potentiometric surface indicates that perched groundwater at Pigeon Mine would likely flow toward the northwest away from Pigeon Spring. The geochemical analysis of the water, sediment and rock samples collected from the Snake Gulch area indicate that the elevated uranium at Pigeon Spring is likely related to a natural source of uranium upgradient from the spring and not likely related to the Pigeon Mine.

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“…Trace elements and major elements measured by inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (Garbarino and Taylor, 1995) and inductively coupled plasma/atomic-emission spectrometry (Garbarino and Taylor, 1979) Table 9. Neutral organic wastewater compounds measured by styrene divinylbenzene solid-phase extraction with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Zaugg and others, 2002) at the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory.…”

Section: Biological Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lagrangian sampling of wastewater treatment plant effluent in Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, during the summer of 2003 and spring of 2005— Hydrological and water-quality data

Barber¹,

Keefe²,

Kolpin³

et al. 2011

Open-File Report

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Statistical Evaluation of an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometric Method for Routine Water Quality Testing

Cited by 29 publications

References 6 publications

Suburbanization, estrogen contamination, and sex ratio in wild amphibian populations

Suburbanization, estrogen contamination, and sex ratio in wild amphibian populations

Geochemistry and hydrology of perched groundwater springs: assessing elevated uranium concentrations at Pigeon Spring relative to nearby Pigeon Mine, Arizona (USA)

Lagrangian sampling of wastewater treatment plant effluent in Boulder Creek, Colorado, and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, during the summer of 2003 and spring of 2005— Hydrological and water-quality data

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