Statistical characterization of the nonlinear noise in 28 Tbit/s PDM-16QAM CO-OFDM system

Abstract

We show for the first time through comprehensive simulations under both uncompensated transmission (UT) and dispersion managed transmission (DMT) systems that the statistical distribution of the nonlinear interference (NLI) within the polarization multiplexed 16-state quadrature amplitude modulation (PM-16QAM) Coherent Optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) system deviates from Gaussian distribution in the absence of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise. We also observe that the dependences of the variance of the NLI noise on both the launch power and the transmission distance (logrithm) seem to be in a simple linear way.

Comparison of Bit Error Rate Estimation Methods for QPSK CO-OFDM Transmission

“…The Gaussian fitting and KSSTAT values shown in Fig. 2 indicate that at this power level the nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) in CO-OFDM transmission deviates from Gaussian distribution. The obtained result herein agrees well with a recent study reported in [11], indicating that the Gaussian assumption of NLIN, which is the key in the derivation of closed-form expression for the nonlinear performance of CO-OFDM [12] is, in general, not satisfied exactly. On the other hand, as shown in Fig.…”

Bit Error Rate Estimation Methods for QPSK CO-OFDM Transmission

“…This result is different from what has been observed for single carrier QPSK transmissions in [13], showing that at high values of the launch power the nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) in CO-OFDM transmission deviates from Gaussian distribution. The obtained result herein agrees well with a recent study on the statistical property of NLIN in CO-OFDM transmission [22], indicating that the Gaussian assumption of NLIN, which is the key in the derivation of closed-form expression for the nonlinear performance of CO-OFDM in [23,24] is, in general, not satisfied. In addition, the statistical properties of in-phase and quadrature components of the received QPSK symbols in CO-OFDM transmissions are also sensitive to the specific DSP technique used, especially the CPE estimation and compensation.…”

Intensity enhancement of photoluminescence in Tb3+/Eu3+ co‐doped Ca14Zn6Al10O35 phosphor for WLEDs

“…Therefore, the creation of unique white light phosphors having red emission must be extremely effective and durable. [ 16–18 ] Europium ion (Eu 3+ ) must choose a suitable host matrix in order to increase luminescent intensity due to the ions having poor absorption characteristics in the UV and blue areas. Possiblly with the efficient energy transfer phenomenon the emission colour tuned because of the large energy gap between levels.…”