Statistical analysis of creep behavior in thermoset and thermoplastic composites reinforced with carbon and glass fibers

Monticeli, Francisco Maciel; Reis, Adriano Gonçalves dos; Neves, Roberta Motta; Santos, Luis Felipe de Paula; Botelho, Edson Cocchieri; Ornaghi, Heitor Luiz

doi:10.1177/0309324720976637

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…On the one hand, thermoset matrices generally present a higher resistance to creep owning to the cross-linking of the polymeric chains. On the other hand, thermoplastics are more sensible to creep deformation; however, this behaviour can be improved by increasing the degree of crystallinity of the microstructure, which consequently hampers the sliding of chains [34,38]. Hai C. Tang et al [39] have estimated a way of determining the slope m of an S-N curve as a function of the temperature level:…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Barreira-Pinto,

Carneiro,

Miranda

et al. 2023

Materials

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Polymer-matrix composites are widely used in engineering applications. Yet, environmental factors impact their macroscale fatigue and creep performances significantly, owing to several mechanisms acting at the microstructure level. Herein, we analyse the effects of water uptake that are responsible for swelling and, over time and in enough quantity, for hydrolysis. Seawater, due to a combination of high salinity and pressures, low temperature and biotic media present, also contributes to the acceleration of fatigue and creep damage. Similarly, other liquid corrosive agents penetrate into cracks induced by cyclic loading and cause dissolution of the resin and breakage of interfacial bonds. UV radiation either increases the crosslinking density or scissions chains, embrittling the surface layer of a given matrix. Temperature cycles close to the glass transition damage the fibre–matrix interface, promoting microcracking and hindering fatigue and creep performance. The microbial and enzymatic degradation of biopolymers is also studied, with the former responsible for metabolising specific matrices and changing their microstructure and/or chemical composition. The impact of these environmental factors is detailed for epoxy, vinyl ester and polyester (thermoset); polypropylene, polyamide and poly etheretherketone (thermoplastic); and for poly lactic acid, thermoplastic starch and polyhydroxyalkanoates (biopolymers). Overall, the environmental factors mentioned hamper the fatigue and creep performances, altering the mechanical properties of the composite or causing stress concentrations through microcracks, promoting earlier failure. Future studies should focus on other matrices beyond epoxy as well as on the development of standardised testing methods.

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Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Barreira-Pinto,

Carneiro,

Miranda

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Moreover, according to Zhang et al 4 and Fancey, 5 the PC creep behavior might be affected by the applied load, reinforcement type/content, and temperature range. Particularly in PC, the interface plays a major role in stress transferring mainly in the glassy region 6,7 where the amorphous polymer chains are more restricted, and hence more energy is energy to start the deformation. Some authors state that particulate PC does not change creep compliance under low stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the creep behavior of epoxy/yerba-mate residue composites

Neves

Kerche

Monticeli

et al. 2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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This work presents the short-term creep behavior of novel epoxy composites reinforced by post-consumed yerba-mate (YM). Particulate composites were manufactured using 5, 10, and 20 wt.% of YM. The composite morphologies were related to the dynamic mechanical and creep behavior at the glassy state (∼30°C). Creep tests were performed using three different stress loads (1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 MPa). Weibull model, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were used to fit the experimental curves and to predict results. A better fit was obtained using the ANN approach than the Weibull model due to the capability of ANN to learn from own data and in fitting complex nonlinear data. The RSM approach proved to be an intelligent and reliable technique to access a higher range of results, reducing experimental time and cost and keeping statistical significance. Also, the present methodology can be extended to model and predict other properties and/or optimize parameters.

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“…It emphasises optimisation through design and not through many experiments and introduces the influence of uncontrollable factors into the experimental design [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. The Taguchi method combines orthogonal experiments and analysis of variance (ANOVA) [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ] to determine the best combination of controllable factors to reduce the impact of uncontrollable factors on system quality fluctuations. Furthermore, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method is an interdisciplinary evaluation and prediction approach [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Objective Optimisation of Curing Cycle of Thick Aramid Fibre/Epoxy Composite Laminates

et al. 2021

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Aramid fibre-reinforced epoxy composites (AF/EP) are promising materials in the aerospace, transportation, and civil fields owing to their high strength, high modulus, and light weight. Thick composite laminates are gradually being applied to large composite structures such as wind turbine blades. During curing, temperature overheating is a common problem in thick composites, which leads to matrix degradation, thermal residual stresses, and uneven curing. This paper proposes a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method to optimise the curing cycle of thick AF/EP laminates and reduce the overheating temperature. During curing, the temperature and strain evolution in a thick AF/EP laminate were monitored using fibre Bragg grating sensors. The effects of the curing factors on the overheating temperature of the thick AF/EP laminate were evaluated using the Taguchi method and predicted via the SNR method and analysis of variance. The results indicate that the dwelling temperature is the main factor affecting the overheating temperature. The optimal curing cycle involves an overheating temperature of 192.72 °C, which constitutes an error of 2.58% compared to the SNR method predictions. Additionally, in comparison to the initial curing cycle, the overshoot temperature in the optimised curing cycle was reduced by 58.48 °C, representing a reduction ratio of 23.28%.

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Statistical analysis of creep behavior in thermoset and thermoplastic composites reinforced with carbon and glass fibers

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Modeling of the creep behavior of epoxy/yerba-mate residue composites

Multi-Objective Optimisation of Curing Cycle of Thick Aramid Fibre/Epoxy Composite Laminates

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