Station in early labor in nulliparous women at term

Relationship between fetal head station established using an open magnetic resonance imaging scanner and the angle of progression determined by transperineal ultrasound

“…Although we are aware that this limitation prevented us from determining with certainty the angle of progression corresponding to station 0 and engagement, we consider our results encouraging because they provide the basis for further research involving different study designs such as including women in early labor. A more recent study reported fetal head engagement in 30% of nulliparous women in early labor at full term24, 25. However, a prerequisite of such a study would be the availability of fetal heart rate monitoring during MRI examination.…”

Can angle of progression in pregnant women before onset of labor predict mode of delivery?

“…Clinical experience suggests that in nulliparous women, engagement of the fetal head commonly occurs by 36 weeks of gestation, while in parous women engagement can occur later during pregnancy or even during the process of labor itself7, 8. However, some studies have reported that a significant proportion of nulliparous women present at the beginning of labor with an unengaged fetal head9–12. While there is a compelling body of evidence to support the clinical significance of an unengaged fetal head (as determined by digital examination) before the onset of labor in the prediction of Cesarean delivery due to abnormal labor progress12–16, some investigators have reported contrasting findings9, 10.…”

“…However, some studies have reported that a significant proportion of nulliparous women present at the beginning of labor with an unengaged fetal head9–12. While there is a compelling body of evidence to support the clinical significance of an unengaged fetal head (as determined by digital examination) before the onset of labor in the prediction of Cesarean delivery due to abnormal labor progress12–16, some investigators have reported contrasting findings9, 10. This controversy may be explained by the limited accuracy of assessment of fetal head station by digital examination, especially before labor, when the presenting part is palpated through a closed cervix8.…”

Comparison of effacement curve with dilatation curve for prediction of labor progression

“…As abnormal labor progression can lead to maternal and neonatal damage, the proper management of labor is critical to achieve healthy generations . We investigated the ability of the effacement curve to predict fetal descent, which is very important to make a judgment about the possibility of a successful vaginal delivery . Our principal aim was to establish a modified partogram to assess labor progression more sensitively.…”

“…Below the ischial spine, it was determined as +1, +2 and +3. Whenever the fetal head became visible at the introitus, station +3 was considered . We designed an effacement graph and added it to the current partogram.…”