Statins for the treatment of dementia

O’Hare, J.; Craig, David; Bullock, Roger; Malouf, Reem; Passmore, Peter

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007514.pub2

Cited by 101 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Thus, dementia may be influenced by high total cholesterol. However, it is not clear whether or not cholesterol lowering medication, such as statin treatment, in midlife is beneficial for dementia [21]. Furthermore, information on the use of cholesterol lowering medication in the follow-up period was not available in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Midlife vascular risk factors and their association with dementia deaths: Results from a Norwegian prospective study followed up for 35years

Strand

Langballe

Hjellvik

et al. 2013

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Midlife vascular risk factors and their association with dementia deaths: Results from a Norwegian prospective study followed up for 35years

Strand

Langballe

Hjellvik

et al. 2013

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…Serum cholesterol level shows a positive correlation with the incidence of stroke, and high cholesterol level in middle age, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and increased LDL cholesterol levels are associated with cognitive dysfunction in the aged [38]. Low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of LDL cholesterol could be risk factors for coronary heart disease and carotid artery atherosclerosis, which may lead to cognitive impairment by cerebral hypoperfusion [39].…”

Section: Applications To Other Dementiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Cochrane review also described that there were no studies supporting the role of statins for treatment of VD [38]. Thus, the effectiveness of statins for VD is still controversial, but possible statins could provide protection from VD if taken from young or middle age.…”

Section: Applications To Other Dementiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins and Reduction of Oxidative Stress in the Aged Brain

Kurata

Deguchi

et al. 2015

Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline

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“…Statin therapy has been evaluated in several clinical trials. Meta-analysis of several large prospective clinical trials revealed no significant benefits of atorvastatin or simvastatin therapy in patients with dementia who had been treated for periods ranging from 26 to 72 weeks, despite significant reductions in serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) (228)(229)(230)(231). Still, other studies showed significant reductions in incident dementia among statin users (232,233).…”

Section: Radical Scavengers-epidemiological Studies Suggested That Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic targets of brain insulin resistance in sporadic Alzheimer s disease

Monte

2012

Front Biosci

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Growing evidence supports roles for brain insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) resistance and metabolic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether the underlying problem stems from a primary disorder of central nervous system (CNS) neurons and glia, or secondary effects of systemic diseases such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes, or metabolic syndrome, the end-results include impaired glucose utilization, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the propagation of cascades that result in the accumulation of neurotoxic misfolded, aggregated, and ubiquitinated fibrillar proteins. This article reviews the roles of impaired insulin and IGF signaling to AD-associated neuronal loss, synaptic disconnection, tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid-beta accumulation, and impaired energy metabolism, and discusses therapeutic strategies and lifestyle approaches that could be used to prevent, delay the onset, or reduce the severity of AD. Finally, it is critical to recognize that AD is heterogeneous and has a clinical course that fully develops over a period of several decades. Therefore, early and multi-modal preventive and treatment approaches should be regarded as essential. KeywordsAmyloid; Anti-oxidants; Brain diabetes; Brain insulin resistance; Incretins; Insulin; Insulin sensitizers; Liver-Brain-Axis; Metal Chelation; Neuroprotection; Nitrosamine; Oxidative Stress; Polyphenols; Statins; Streptozotocin; Tau; Type 3 diabetes INTRODUCTIONThe gold standard for definitively diagnosing AD is to perform a postmortem examination of the brain, with the objective of demonstrating beyond-normal aging associated densities of neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques, and amyloid-beta 40-42 kD fragments of amyloid beta precursor protein (AβPP-Aβ) deposits in corticolimbic structures, bearing in mind that neurodegeneration frequently involves multiple other cortical regions as well. The common thread among these characteristic lesions is that they harbor insoluble aggregates of abnormally phosphorylated and ubiquitinated tau, and neurotoxic AβPP-Aβ in the form of Send correspondence to: Suzanne M. de la Monte, Rhode Island Hospital, 55 Claverick Street, Room 419, Providence, RI. 02903, Tel: 401-444-7364, Fax: 401-444-2939, Suzanne_DeLaMonte_MD@Brown.edu. HHS Public Access Author manuscriptFront Biosci (Elite Ed). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 August 26. Published in final edited form as:Front Biosci (Elite Ed). ; 4: 1582-1605. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript oligomers, fibrillar aggregates, or extracellular plaques. Secreted AβPP-Aβ oligomers have been demonstrated to be neurotoxic and to inhibit hippocampal long-term potentiation, i.e. synaptic plasticity (1).To improve diagnosis and treatment, we must learn to connect the development and progression of neurodegeneration with molecular, biochemical, physiological, neuroimaging, and clinical abnormalities in AD. Several strategies could be taken to advance this proc...

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Statins for the treatment of dementia

Cited by 101 publications

References 88 publications

Midlife vascular risk factors and their association with dementia deaths: Results from a Norwegian prospective study followed up for 35years

Midlife vascular risk factors and their association with dementia deaths: Results from a Norwegian prospective study followed up for 35years

Statins and Reduction of Oxidative Stress in the Aged Brain

Therapeutic targets of brain insulin resistance in sporadic Alzheimer s disease

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