STATINS-Do We Know Them or Are We Alice in Wonderland?

Abstract

Statins are a major cornerstone in preventing cardiovascular diseases. Evidence from Clinical trials have clearly indicated that statins are beneficial in the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. However, the overall benefits observed with statins appear to be greater than what might be expected from changes in lipid levels alone, suggesting effects beyond cholesterol lowering. Recent studies have clearly indicated that some of the cholesterol-independent or "pleiotropic" effects of statins involve improving endothelial function, enhancing the stability of atherosclerotic plaques, decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation, and inhibiting the thrombogenic response. Pleiotropic effects of a drug are actions other than those for which the agent was specifically developed. These effects may be related or unrelated to the primary mechanism of action of the drug, and they are usually unanticipated. The results of several ongoing clinical trials aimed more specifically at pleiotropic effects should enlighten us on their relative clinical relevance and importance.

Heterogeneity in the distribution of 159 drug-response related SNPs in world populations and their genetic relatedness

“…For example, rosuvastatin is commonly prescribed to prevent cardiovascular complications and treat abnormal lipid levels in the blood. Although its high efficacy and safety profile as a drug to tackle dyslipidemia are well-known, multiple studies have reported dose-dependent adverse effects of prolonged statin therapy [15][16][17]. Ethnic differences exist in the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin.…”

Regulatory theory: commercially sustainable markets rely upon satisfying the public interest in obtaining credible goods

“…Imposing regulation 2 is generally justified by the failure of markets to self-regulate and the literature explores how regulators and industry operate to resolve the failure (e.g. Bernstein, 1955; Stigler, 1971). It follows that economic benefits and the sustainability of markets rely upon both the regulator and industry ensuring the production of marketable goods.…”