Stating asymmetry in neural pathways: methodological trends in autonomic neuroscience

Xavier, Carlos Henrique; Mendonça, Michelle Mendanha; Marins, Fernanda Ribeiro; Silva, Elder Sales da; Ianzer, Danielle; Colugnati, Diego Basile; Pedrino, Gustavo Rodrigues; Fontes, Marco Antônio Peliky

doi:10.1080/00207454.2018.1473396

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This finding supports the modulation of medullary baroreflex circuitry by supramedullary regions within the midbrain and diencephalon [67]. These regions are recruited during emotional/psychological stresses [33,68] to provide excitatory inputs into the rostral ventromedial [62] and ventrolateral medullary neurons regulating heart and vasomotion [50,68]. These overactivated central regions express a2-adrenoreceptors and I1 imidazoline receptors, which are targets for the centrally acting antihypertensives [69,70] being assessed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The tap, light, and motor stimuli increased MAP, and these responses were significantly smaller in SHR treated with CL and RI. Hence, these centrally acting antihypertensives are likely to attenuate sympathetic overactivation in primary hypertension [5] and stress‐evoked arterial pressure increases [33,68]. The prominent effects of CL or RI on arterial pressure reactivity of SHR meet previous evidence on changes in the central control of vasomotion exerted by these drugs [83], probably by reorganizing baroreceptors regulation [84] during acute stress exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Stressful stimuli often induce defense reactions that produce physiological responses through autonomic adjustments [33,34]. The activity of the sympathetic branch is an autonomic setting typically seen in psychogenic reactivity triggering situations [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Centrally acting antihypertensives change the psychogenic cardiovascular reactivity

Mendonça

Costa

Moraes

et al. 2021

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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Clonidine (CL) and Rilmenidine (RI) are among the most frequently prescribed centrally acting antihypertensives. Here, we compared CL and RI effects on psychogenic cardiovascular reactivity to sonant, luminous, motosensory, and vibrotactile stimuli during neurogenic hypertension. The femoral artery and vein of Wistar (WT – normotensive) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were catheterized before (24 h interval) i.p. injection of vehicle (NaCl 0.9%, control ‐ CT group), CL (10 µg/kg), or RI (10 µg/kg) and acute exposure to luminous (5000 lm), sonant (75 dB sudden tap), motor (180° cage twist), and air‐jet (10 L/min – restraint and vibrotactile). Findings showed that: (i) CL or RI reduced the arterial pressure of SHR, without affecting basal heart rate in WT and SHR; (ii) different stimuli evoked pressor and tachycardic responses; (iii) CL and RI reduced pressor response to sound; (iv) CL or RI reduced pressor responses to luminous stimulus without a change in peak tachycardia in SHR; (v) cage twist increased blood pressure in SHR, which was attenuated by CL or RI; (vi) air‐jet increased pressure and heart rate; (vii) CL or RI attenuated the pressor responses to air‐jet in SHR while RI reduced the chronotropic reactivity in both strains. Altogether, both antihypertensives relieved the psychogenic cardiovascular responses to different stimuli. The RI elicited higher cardioprotective effects through a reduction in air‐jet‐induced tachycardia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Centrally acting antihypertensives change the psychogenic cardiovascular reactivity

Mendonça

Costa

Moraes

et al. 2021

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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“…Right-sided sympathetic dominance of the insula is a common theme in animal and human studies [12][13][14][71][72][73][74]. Indeed, in our study, the ASG and MSG showed greater right than left activity throughout the cold pressor phase in both men and women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Using the handgrip task, the right insula shows greater activity than the left, irrespective of which hand is being used during sympathetic phases [75]. It has recently been suggested that the asymmetric processing patterns of autonomic regions like the insula are based on lateralization (ipsi- vs. contralateral) of descending neural pathways that control specific organs [73]. Overall, sympathetic control of the heart is thought to be right-lateralized (including a variety of non-insular brain regions), but the heart receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic input and the slowing of the heart rate can result from either an increase in parasympathetic, or a decrease in sympathetic influences [76].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in insular gyri responses to the cold pressor challenge

Krause‐Sorio

Macey

Kumar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction: Sex differences in autonomic control may contribute to physiological sex differences in cardiovascular disease, thermoregulation, and the experience of pain. We previously showed sex differences in functional mapping of autonomic responses across the insula, a central autonomic control region. Anterior insula response patterns to sympathetic activation (Valsalva) and parasympathetic withdrawal (handgrip) differed between men and women. We here assessed sex differences in autonomic insula gyrus responses to a cold pressor challenge, which involves temperature and pain regulation. Methods: Functional MRI (fMRI) involved a 1-minute right-foot cold pressor challenge in 22 women (age; mean±std: 50±4 yrs), and 39 men (45±3 yrs). Regions of interest (ROI) comprised left and right anterior short gyrus (ASG), middle short gyrus (MSG), posterior short gyrus (PSG), anterior long gyrus (ALG), and posterior long gyrus (PLG). Two-second time intervals of fMRI signal responses per ROI and concurrently recorded heart rate and blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2 ) were tested for within- and between-group effects over time (repeated measures ANOVA P ≤0.05). We tested sex differences in 1) each ROI; 2) lateralization effects; and 3) posterior-to-anterior gradients in responses. Results: No sex differences emerged in heart rate or SaO 2 . Women showed larger signal changes in several gyri than men after cold pressor onset and offset. Most consistently, women showed a greater right-over-left hemisphere dominance in cold pressor response compared to men in the MSG, PSG and ALG. Greater right-over-left hemisphere anterior-to-posterior dominance was more pronounced in men. Conclusions: The findings confirm anterior and right-hemispheric dominance of insular responses during sympathetic activation that includes pain and cold. Although distinct transient male-female differences in fMRI responses appeared during the cold pressor, unlike the Valsalva and handgrip, no sex differences in ASG lateralization emerged, suggesting that the previously found sex differences may not solely relate to regulating blood pressure responses.

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Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation in combination with skin thermography in obesity: a window on sympathetic nervous system

et al. 2022

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Aims Obesity is known to be associated with an altered thermoregulation as well as a dysregulation of sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Considering the ability of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to modulate the SNS, we hypothesized a potential role of dTMS in affecting thermoregulation in obesity. Aims of the study were to monitor the effect of a single session of dTMS on body temperature in subjects with obesity, and to correlate the dTMS-induced changes in body temperature with activation of the SNS (epinephrine and norepinephrine release). Methods Twenty-nine subjects with obesity [5 M, 24 F; age 50 (IQR: 58, 38) yrs; BMI 36.1 (IQR: 33.9, 38.7) kg/m2] were randomized into 2 groups receiving a single session of high frequency stimulation (HF) or sham stimulation. Under neutral thermal conditions, infrared thermography was utilized to assess bilateral fingernail-beds and abdominal temperature. Results During a single session HF, the average temperature of both fingernail-beds decreased. Right-hand temperature difference was statistically greater in HF vs Sham: median = – 1.45 (IQR: – 2.0, – 1.0) °C for HF, p = 0.009. While temperature variation in the fingernail-bed of left hand was not statistically significant in HF compared to Sham: median = – 1.26 (IQR: – 1.6, –0.5) °C, p = 0.064. Concurrently, when estimating the effect of norepinephrine variation on temperature change of fingernail-bed of left hand, a borderline significant positive association was estimated (beta = 1.09, p = 0.067) in HF. Conclusions Deep TMS revealed to be effective in modulating temperature in subjects with obesity, partially reversing obesity-induced alterations in heat production and dissipation with a potential SNS-mediated mechanism.

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Stating asymmetry in neural pathways: methodological trends in autonomic neuroscience

Abstract: Thus, an avenue of knowledge may unfold from a field of research that requires further exploration.

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Centrally acting antihypertensives change the psychogenic cardiovascular reactivity

Centrally acting antihypertensives change the psychogenic cardiovascular reactivity

Sex differences in insular gyri responses to the cold pressor challenge

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation in combination with skin thermography in obesity: a window on sympathetic nervous system

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