Statin use and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Undela, Krishna; Srikanth, Vallakatla; Bansal, Dipika

doi:10.1007/s10549-012-2154-x

Cited by 136 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, the cumulative meta-analysis showed a change in trend of reporting risk of breast cancer from positive to negative in statin users between 1993 and 2011. These findingd do not support the hypothesis that statins exert a protective effect against breast cancer (49).…”

Section: Lovastatinmentioning

confidence: 59%

Statins are potential anticancerous agents (Review)

2015

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Abstract. Statins are inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), which is a rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway. The pleiotropic effects of statins may be mediated by the inhibition of downstream products such as small GTP-binding proteins, Rho, Ras and Rac whose localization and function are dependent on isoprenylation. Preclinical studies of statins in different cancer cell lines and animal models showed antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effects. Notably, statins showed targeted action in cancerous cell lines compared to normal cells. Previous studies have also shown the synergistic effects of statins with chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. This effect of statins was also observed in chemotherapeutic-resistant tumors. Statins were reported to sensitize the cells to radiation by arresting them in the late G1 phase of the cell cycle. Similarly, population-based studies also demonstrated a chemopreventive and survival benefit of statins in various types of cancers. However, this benefit has yet to be proven in clinical trials. The interindividual variation in response to statins may be contributed to many genetic and non-genetic factors, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms in HMGCR gene and the overexpression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1, which was reported to reduce HMGCR enzyme activity. However, more studies with large phase III randomized controlled trials in cancer patients should be conducted to establish the effect of statins in cancer prevention and treatment.

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Section: Lovastatinmentioning

confidence: 59%

Statins are potential anticancerous agents (Review)

2015

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“…Thereby, the usefulness of statins as chemopreventive agents for kidney cancer is doubted given their selective hepatic uptake and low systemic availability [39,40]. Previous meta-analyses have suggested that there was no association between statin use and breast and pancreatic cancer risk [32,33]. However, statins had a protective effect against liver cancer [34], which supports the opinion above.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 61%

“…A metaanalysis conducted by Undela et al did not support the hypothesis that statins have a protective effect against breast cancer [32]. Consistently, Cui et al 's meta-analysis suggested that there was no association between statin use and pancreatic cancer risk [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Statin use and risk of kidney cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized trials

Zhang

Liu

Qian

et al. 2014

Br J Clin Pharmacol

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AIMClinical studies have shown that statin use may modify the risk of kidney cancer. However, these studies yielded different results. To quantify the association between statin use and risk of kidney cancer, we performed a detailed meta-analysis of published studies regarding this subject. METHODSA literature search was carried out using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane database between January 1966 and October 2012. Prior to performing a meta-analysis, the studies were evaluated for publication bias and heterogeneity. Fixed effect and random effect models were used to estimate summary relative risks (RR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis were also performed. RESULTSA total of 12 (two randomized controlled trials, five cohort, and five case-control) studies contributed to the analysis. There was heterogeneity among the studies but no evidence of publication bias. Pooled results indicated a non-significant decrease of total kidney cancer risk among all statin users (RR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.71, 1.19). Long term statin use did not significantly affect the risk of total kidney cancer (RR = 1.01, 95% CI 0.83, 1.22). In our subgroup analyses, the results were not substantially affected by study design, confounder adjustment and gender. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the results. CONCLUSIONThe findings of this meta-analysis suggested that there was no association between statin use and risk of kidney cancer. More studies, especially randomized controlled trials and high quality cohort studies with larger sample size and well controlled confounding factors, are needed to confirm this association in the future.

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“…A meta-analysis including 24 observational studies with more than 2.4 million participants did not support the hypothesis of a preventive effect (RR 0.99; 95% CI 0.94-1.04) [49]. Similar results were reported for a second meta-analysis including 7 randomized trials and 9 observational studies (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.93-1.14) [50].…”

Section: Potential Non-endocrine Active Agents For Medical Preventionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Medical Prevention of Breast Cancer

Stubert¹,

Dieterich²,

Gerber³

2014

Breast Care

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer of women in Western Europe and North America. Effective strategies of medical prevention could reduce the burden of breast cancer mortality. The best evidence for a risk reduction exists for hormonal agents such as tamoxifen and raloxifene (22-72%) or aromatase inhibitors (50-65%). However, the severity of side effects and the lack of evidence for an improved survival compromise the risk/benefit balance. In this review the results of chemoprevention studies, including new treatment approaches, are summarized with critical discussion of their use in clinical practice.

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Statin use and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Cited by 136 publications

References 42 publications

Statins are potential anticancerous agents (Review)

Statins are potential anticancerous agents (Review)

Statin use and risk of kidney cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized trials

Medical Prevention of Breast Cancer

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