Statics and dynamics of a self-bound dipolar matter-wave droplet

Adhikari, Sadhan K.

doi:10.1088/1612-202x/aa532e

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It is expected that the dynamics of quantum balls will be independent of the details of the mechanism responsible for self binding and we do not believe that the results obtained here are so peculiar as to have no general validity. In fact, a preliminary study revealed similar dynamics for quantum balls made of dipolar atoms [18]. A stationary quantum ball can be formed for the two-body attraction above a critical value in the 3D GP equation for any finite three-body repulsion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Statics and dynamics of a self-bound matter-wave quantum ball

Adhikari

2017

Phys. Rev. A

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We study the statics and dynamics of a stable, mobile, three-dimensional matter-wave spherical quantum ball created in the presence of an attractive two-body and a very small repulsive threebody interaction. The quantum ball can propagate with a constant velocity in any direction in free space and its stability under a small perturbation is established numerically and variationally. In frontal head-on and angular collisions at large velocities two quantum balls behave like quantum solitons. Such collision is found to be quasi elastic and the quantum balls emerge after collision without any change of direction of motion and velocity and with practically no deformation in shape. When reflected by a hard impenetrable plane, the quantum ball bounces off like a wave obeying the law of reflection without any change of shape or speed. However, in a collision at small velocities two quantum balls coalesce to form a larger ball which we call a quantum-ball breather. We point out the similarity and difference between the collision of two quantum and classical balls. The present study is based on an analytic variational approximation and a full numerical solution of the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation using the parameters of 7 Li atoms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Statics and dynamics of a self-bound matter-wave quantum ball

Adhikari

2017

Phys. Rev. A

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“…In the case of the repulsive SPM, the LHY theory, which introduces effects of quantum fluctuations around the mean-field state, gives rise to post-mean-field corrections which are crucially important for the stabilization of self-trapped QDs by means of the effective higher-order self-repulsion [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. In particular, it removes the collapse induced by the attractive XPM at = N N thr , see equation (8).…”

Section: Mms Under the Action Of The Lhy Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional solitons and quantum droplets supported by competing self- and cross-interactions in spin-orbit-coupled condensates

et al. 2017

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We study two-dimensional (2D) matter-wave solitons in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates under the action of the spin-orbit coupling and opposite signs of the self-and cross-interactions. Stable 2D twocomponent solitons of the mixed-mode type are found if the cross-interaction between the components is attractive, while the self-interaction is repulsive in each component. Stable solitons of the semi-vortex type are formed in the opposite case, under the action of competing self-attraction and cross-repulsion. The solitons exist with the total norm taking values below a collapse threshold. Further, in the case of the repulsive self-interaction and inter-component attraction, stable 2D selftrapped modes, which may be considered as quantum droplets (QDs), are created if the beyondmean-field Lee-Huang-Yang terms are added to the self-repulsion in the underlying system of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. Stable QDs of the mixed-mode type, of a large size with an anisotropic density profile, exist with arbitrarily large values of the norm, as the Lee-Huang-Yang terms eliminate the collapse. The effect of the spin-orbit coupling term on characteristics of the QDs is systematically studied. We also address the existence and stability of QDs in the case of SOC with mixed Rashba and Dresselhaus terms, which makes the density profile of the QD more isotropic. Thus, QDs in the spin-orbit-coupled binary Bose-Einstein condensate are for the first time studied in the present work.

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“…[38] and [39], respectively. The dynamics of QDs in dipolar BECs was analyzed in detail in recent works [40]- [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional vortex quantum droplets

et al. 2018

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It was recently found that the Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) correction to the mean-field Hamiltonian of binary atomic boson condensates suppresses the collapse and creates stable localized modes (twocomponent "quantum droplets", QDs) in two and three dimensions (2D and 3D). In particular, the LHY effect modifies the effective Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) in 2D by adding a logarithmic factor to the usual cubic term. In the framework of the accordingly modified two-component GPE system, we construct 2D self-trapped modes in the form of QDs with vorticity S embedded into each component. Due to the effect of the logarithmic factor, the QDs feature a flat-top shape, which expands with the increase of S and norm N . An essential finding, produced by a systematic numerical investigation and analytical estimates, is that the vortical QDs are stable (which is a critical issue for vortex solitons in nonlinear models) up to S = 5, for N exceeding a certain threshold value, which is predicted to scale as N th ∼ S 4 for large S (for three-dimensional QDs, the scaling is N th ∼ S 6 ). The prediction is corroborated by numerical findings. Pivots of QDs with S ≥ 2 are subject to structural instability, as specially selected perturbations can split the single pivot in a set of S or S + 2 pivots corresponding to unitary vortices; however, the structural instability remains virtually invisible, as it occurs in a broad central "hole" of the vortex soliton, where values of fields are very small, and it does not cause any dynamical instability. In the condensate of 39 K atoms, in which QDs with S = 0 and a quasi-2D shape were created recently, the vortical droplets may have radial size 30 µm, with the number of atoms in the range of 10 4 − 10 5 . The role of three-body losses is considered too, demonstrating that they do not prevent the creation of the vortex droplets, but may produce a noteworthy effect, leading to sudden splitting of "light" droplets. In addition, hidden-vorticity states in QDs, with topological charges S+ = −S− = 1 in their components, which are prone to strong instability in other settings, have their stability region too. Unstable HV states tend to spontaneously merge into zero-vorticity solitons. Collisions of QDs, which may lead to their merger, and dynamics of elliptically deformed QDs (which form rotating elongated patterns or ones with oscillations of the eccentricity) are briefly considered too.

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Statics and dynamics of a self-bound dipolar matter-wave droplet

Cited by 16 publications

References 63 publications

Statics and dynamics of a self-bound matter-wave quantum ball

Statics and dynamics of a self-bound matter-wave quantum ball

Two-dimensional solitons and quantum droplets supported by competing self- and cross-interactions in spin-orbit-coupled condensates

Two-dimensional vortex quantum droplets

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