Static tank depuration and chronic short-term experimental contamination of Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) with Giardia duodenalis cysts

Willis, Jessica E.; McClure, J. Trenton; McClure, Carol; Spears, Jonathan; Davidson, Jeff; Greenwood, Spencer J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.08.027

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These results are consistent with those obtained on Crassostrea gigas by Souza et al (2013), who showed that Cryptosporidium and Giardia were still found in oysters after 7 days of depuration, indicating that 7 days were not enough to remove protozoa from bivalve tissues. On the other hand, G. duodenalis cysts were depurated at a slower rate than C. parvum oocysts after acute (24 h) exposure of Crassostrea virginica to 10,000 (oo)cysts/tank (Willis et al, 2014(Willis et al, , 2015. Other studies have shown bioaccumulation of protozoa in oysters (C. virginica, Crassostrea belcheri) (Lindsay et al, 2004;Sutthikornchai et al, 2016) and mussels (M. galloprovincialis) (Tamburrini & Pozio, 1999) and underline the capacity of bivalves to release protozoa still infectious.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Blue mussel ( Mytilus edulis )—A bioindicator of marine water contamination by protozoa: Laboratory and in situ approaches

Bigot-Clivot

Carbona

Cazeaux

et al. 2021

J of Applied Microbiology

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Aims:The protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Toxoplasma gondii are identified as public health priorities and are present in a wide variety of environments including the marine ecosystem. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that the marine bivalve blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) can be used as a tool to monitor the contamination of marine waters by the three protozoa over time. Methods and Results:In order to achieve a proof of concept, mussels were exposed to three concentrations of G. duodenalis cysts and Cryptosporidium parvum/T. gondii oocysts for 21 days, followed by 21 days of depuration in clear water. Then, natural contamination by these protozoa was sought for in wild marine blue mussels along the northwest coast of France to validate their relevance as bioindicators in the field. Our results highlighted that: (a) blue mussels bioaccumulated the parasites for 21 days, according to the conditions of exposure, and parasites could still be detected during the depuration period (until 21 days); (b) the percentage of protozoa-positive M. edulis varied under the degree of protozoan contamination in water; (c) mussel samples from eight out of nine in situ sites were positive for at least one of the protozoa. Conclusions:The blue mussel M. edulis can bioaccumulate protozoan parasites over long time periods, according to the degree of contamination of waters they are inhabiting, and can highlight recent but also past contaminations (at least 21 days). Significance and Impact of the Study: Mytilus edulis is a relevant bioaccumulators of protozoan (oo)cysts in laboratory and field conditions, hence its potential use for monitoring parasite contamination in marine waters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…duodenalis cysts were depurated at a slower rate than C . parvum oocysts after acute (24 h) exposure of Crassostrea virginica to 10,000 (oo)cysts/tank (Willis et al, 2014, 2015). Other studies have shown bioaccumulation of protozoa in oysters ( C .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%