Static post-Newtonian equivalence of general relativity and gravity with a dynamical preferred frame

Rotational invariance is a well-established feature of low-energy physics. Violations of this symmetry must be extremely small today, but could have been larger in earlier epochs. In this paper we examine the consequences of a small breaking of rotational invariance during the inflationary era when the primordial density fluctuations were generated. Assuming that a fixed-norm vector picked out a preferred direction during the inflationary era, we explore the imprint it would leave on the cosmic microwave background anisotropy, and provide explicit formulas for the expected amplitudes a lm a * l ′ m ′ of the spherical-harmonic coefficients. We suggest that it is natural to expect that the imprint on the primordial power spectrum of a preferred spatial direction is approximately scale-invariant, and examine a simple model in which this is true.

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“…Gravitational effects of dynamical Lorentz-violating vector fields have been considered previously in the literature [56,57,58,59,60,61].…”

Section: Inflation Model With a Preferred Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erratum: Imprints of a primordial preferred direction on the microwave background [Phys. Rev. D75, 083502 (2007)]

Ackerman¹,

Carroll²,

Wise³

2009

Phys. Rev. D

200

361

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“…The reason is clear. In the J&M aether these terms arise, see [17], p.2, "from varying the metric dependence of the connection." However, in our case the connection is an independent variable.…”

Section: Curvaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an attempt to violate Lorentz invariance locally, J&M [37] introduced an extra timelike 4-vector field u of unit length, see also [8,12,17,18,21,26,36,46] and the earlier work of Gasperini [23,24] and Kostelecky and Samuel [42]. This "aether field" is governed by a Lagrangian carrying a kinetic term ∼ (∇u) 2 and a massive term ∼ u 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Einstein-aether theory, violation of Lorentz invariance, and metric-affine gravity

2005

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We show that the Einstein-aether theory of Jacobson and Mattingly (J&M) can be understood in the framework of the metric-affine (gauge theory of) gravity (MAG).We achieve this by relating the aether vector field of J&M to certain post-Riemannian nonmetricity pieces contained in an independent linear connection of spacetime.Then, for the aether, a corresponding geometrical curvature-square Lagrangian with a massive piece can be formulated straightforwardly. We find an exact spherically symmetric solution of our model.

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“…Theoretical and observational constraints on the coupling parameters c i have been determined from parameterized postNewtonian analysis [26,27,28], stability and linearized energy positivity [29,30,31,32], primordial nucleosynthesis [25], and vacuum Cerenkov radiation [31]. The combined constraints from all of these are reviewed in Ref.…”

Section: Observational Constraints On the Parameters C Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Erratum: Neutron stars in Einstein-Aether theory [Phys. Rev. D76, 042003 (2007)]

Eling¹,

Jacobson²,

Miller³

2009

Phys. Rev. D

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As current and future experiments probe strong gravitational regimes around neutron stars and black holes, it is desirable to have theoretically sound alternatives to General Relativity against which to test observations. Here we study the consequences of one such generalization, Einstein-aether theory, for the properties of non-rotating neutron stars. This theory has a parameter range that satisfies all current weak-field tests. We find that within this range it leads to lower maximum neutron star masses, as well as larger surface redshifts at a particular mass, for a given nuclear equation of state. For non-rotating black holes and neutron stars, the innermost stable circular orbit is only slightly modified in this theory.

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Static post-Newtonian equivalence of general relativity and gravity with a dynamical preferred frame

Cited by 120 publications

References 14 publications

Erratum: Imprints of a primordial preferred direction on the microwave background [Phys. Rev. D75, 083502 (2007)]

Erratum: Imprints of a primordial preferred direction on the microwave background [Phys. Rev. D75, 083502 (2007)]

Einstein-aether theory, violation of Lorentz invariance, and metric-affine gravity

Erratum: Neutron stars in Einstein-Aether theory [Phys. Rev. D76, 042003 (2007)]

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