Static Aspects of Eye and Head Movements during Reading in a Simulated Computer-Based Environment with Single-Vision and Progressive Lenses

Han, Ying; Ciuffreda, Kenneth J.; Selenow, Arkady; Bauer, Elizabeth; Ali, Steven R.; Spencer, Wayne

doi:10.1167/iovs.01-0912

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Furthermore, eye movements as well as gaze stabilisation take longer, while the wearer needs to find the area with the optimal focus for a given viewing distance during near and intermediate tasks . A narrow progressive zone may lead to larger horizontal head movements, when reading a line of text at near or intermediate distances; thus, the co‐ordination of eye and head movements is affected . This effect can decrease performance in visual tasks across larger horizontal visual fields .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory studies with controlled viewing conditions are useful to describe the optical and physiological mechanisms involved in presbyopic corrections. In addition, field studies are required to investigate the effects of lenses over a full working day in real office conditions to identify the possible implications on the subjective ratings of the viewing conditions, visual or musculoskeletal strain and ergonomic conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparison of progressive addition lenses for general purpose and for computer vision: an office field study

Jaschinski

König

Mekontso

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background: Two types of progressive addition lenses (PALs) were compared in an office field study: 1. General purpose PALs with continuous clear vision between infinity and near reading distances and 2. Computer vision PALs with a wider zone of clear vision at the monitor and in near vision but no clear distance vision. Methods: Twenty-three presbyopic participants wore each type of lens for two weeks in a double-masked four-week quasi-experimental procedure that included an adaptation phase (Weeks 1 and 2) and a test phase (Weeks 3 and 4). Questionnaires on visual and musculoskeletal conditions as well as preferences regarding the type of lenses were administered. After eight more weeks of free use of the spectacles, the preferences were assessed again. The ergonomic conditions were analysed from photographs. Results: Head inclination when looking at the monitor was significantly lower by 2.3 degrees with the computer vision PALs than with the general purpose PALs. Vision at the monitor was judged significantly better with computer PALs, while distance vision was judged better with general purpose PALs; however, the reported advantage of computer vision PALs differed in extent between participants. Accordingly, 61 per cent of the participants preferred the computer vision PALs, when asked without information about lens design. After full information about lens characteristics and additional eight weeks of free spectacle use, 44 per cent preferred the computer vision PALs. Conclusion: On average, computer vision PALs were rated significantly better with respect to vision at the monitor during the experimental part of the study. In the final forced-choice ratings, approximately half of the participants preferred either the computer vision PAL or the general purpose PAL. Individual factors seem to play a role in this preference and in the rated advantage of computer vision PALs.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of progressive addition lenses for general purpose and for computer vision: an office field study

Jaschinski

König

Mekontso

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…6 Files with both sets of dynamic data (i.e., instantaneous eye and head position) were numerically identified according to the time recorded, so that temporal aspects across and between the eye and head movements could be compared quantitatively. The eye movement system (ETL-400; RK-726 PCT; ISCAN) uses a video-based, dark pupil-to-cornea reflection method.…”

Section: Eye and Head Movement Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, during these periods, the eye moved to the right to read as the subject's head was still rotating to the left. In a recent study of ours, 6 two-dimensional eye movements and threedimensional head movements were recorded objectively during reading with the conventional single-vision lens (SVL) and two types of PALs with different intermediate zone widths. Single-page (SP) and double-page (DP) text formats of adultlevel text were used, similar to that which a reader confronts in the typical contemporary computer-based environment, especially in the business world.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamic Interactions of Eye and Head Movements When Reading with Single-Vision and Progressive Lenses in a Simulated Computer-Based Environment

Han

Ciuffreda

Selenow

et al. 2003

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Eye movement and head movement strategies and timing were contingent on viewing conditions. The longer eye movement duration and gaze-stabilization times suggested that additional eye movements were needed to locate the clear-vision zone and commence reading after the RSS. Head movements with PALs for the SP condition were similarly optically induced. These eye movement and head movement results may contribute to the reduced reading rate and related symptoms reported by some PAL wearers. The dynamic interactions of eye movements and head movements during reading with the PALs appear to be a sensitive indicator of the effect of lens optical design parameters on overall reading performance, because the movements can discriminate between SVL and PAL designs and at times even between PALs.

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“…The first limitation refers to the horizontal direction: clear vision for intermediate and near vision is only possible within a central vertical progressive zone, while astigmatic distortions are present in the left and right peripheral visual fields. As a consequence, the patterns of horizontal eye and head movements are modified . The second limitation of PALs refers to the vertical direction and is the topic of the present study, namely, to use the required addition for a given viewing distance, the inclination of the eye and the head must be adjusted, so that the visual line intersects the lens at the point with the required near vision addition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to place the computer monitor: measurements of vertical zones of clear vision with presbyopic corrections

König

Haensel

Jaschinski

2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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The diagrams of the vertical zones of clear vision for different spectacles provide information on the ergonomic vertical position of computer monitors for clear vision with a comfortable head position. The grand mean of general purpose PALs suggests that the upper edge of the monitor should be at least approximately 15 cm below eye level at a typical viewing distance of approximately 75 cm. Higher monitor positions are possible with computer vision PALs.

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Static Aspects of Eye and Head Movements during Reading in a Simulated Computer-Based Environment with Single-Vision and Progressive Lenses

Cited by 47 publications

References 5 publications

Comparison of progressive addition lenses for general purpose and for computer vision: an office field study

Comparison of progressive addition lenses for general purpose and for computer vision: an office field study

Dynamic Interactions of Eye and Head Movements When Reading with Single-Vision and Progressive Lenses in a Simulated Computer-Based Environment

How to place the computer monitor: measurements of vertical zones of clear vision with presbyopic corrections

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