Static and stationary dark fluid universes: A gravitoelectromagnetic perspective

Abstract

We introduce a physical characterization of the static and stationary perfect fluid solutions of the Einstein field equations with a single or 2-component perfect fluid sources, according to their gravitoelectric and gravitomagnetic fields. The absence or presence of either or both of these fields could restrict the equations of state of the underlying perfect fluid sources. As an example and representative of each class we consider solutions that include the cosmological term as a fluid source with the equation of state p = −ρ = constant. All these solutions share the feature that go over smoothly into the Minkowski spacetime as Λ → 0.